Wikipedia

Ford Pinto

oto nan di jua tahun 1971 hinggo tahun 1980

Ford Pinto adaolah namo sabuah oto nan di produksi sarato di jua dek parusahaan oto Ford Motor Company nan barado di kawasan Amerika utara. Oto ko mulai di jua ka pasa kandaraan mulai tahun 1971 hinggo tahun 1980. Samanjak parusahaan oto Ford Motor Company ko mamproduksi oto di tahun 1907, oto produksi nan banamo Ford Pinto ko tacataik marupoan oto nan babadan ketek sarato batipe subkompak atau oto nan bagian balakangnyo ketek nan pernah di produksi. Salamo ampia sapuluah tahun oto Ford Pinto di diproduksi, oto ko tajua sakitar 3 juta unit oto. Sahabih oto ko diproduksi di tahun 1980, produksi oto Ford di gantian dek generasi salanjuiknyo nan banamo oto Ford Escort pado nan mulai di produksi pado tahun 1981.[4][5]

Ford Pinto
Ford Pinto
Panjalehan
PabrikanFord
Namo lainyoMercury Bobcat
Tahun dibuekSeptember 1970–1980
Kaluaran terbaru1971–1980 (Pinto)
1974–1980 (Bobcat)
Kantua cabangUnited States:
Canada:
ParancangRobert Eidschun (1968)[1]
Badan jo karangko
Tipe otoSubcompact car
Bantuak oto2-door sedan
2-door sedan delivery
2-door station wagon
3-door hatchback
Masin otoFR layout
Samo joMercury Bobcat
Ford Mustang II
Pangra
Tanago oto
Masin
Tipe papindahan gigi
Ukuran bagian oto
Sumbu roda94.0 in (2,390 mm)[3]
Panjang oto163 in (4,100 mm)[2]
Leba oto69.4 in (1,760 mm)
Tinggi oto50 in (1,300 mm)
Barek oto2,015–2,270 lb (914–1,030 kg) (1971)
Pajalanan produksi
PandahuluFord Cortina (captive import)
PanaruihFord Escort / Mercury Lynx

Awal mulo

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Pado awal mulonyo, oto ko di rancanaan di produksi dek negara Amerika nan batujuan untuak marespon banyak nyo katiko itu oto-oto impor dari lua nagari nan babadan ketek sarupo oto Volkswagen Beetle, oto dari Toyota ko oto Datsun. Sabab itulah parusahaan oto Ford ko mamproduksi oto nan babadan ketek. Tapeknyo pado tanggal 11 September 1970, oto Ford Pinto ko resmi di jua ka pasa. Oto ko paratamo kali juo di gunoan sabagai kandaraan pribadi dek pimpinan parusahaan oto Ford tasabuik.[6] [7]

Gambaran oto

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Sabalum di buek, oto ko alah di rancang dek parancang internal parusahaan Ford pado tahun 1968 nan kamudian rancangan ko di satujui dek Dewan Direksi Ford pado awal tahun januari 1969. Samanjak tahan awal hinggo oto ko salasai diproduksi hanyo butuah wakatu sakitar 25 bulan, labiah capek dari produksi parusahaan-parusahaan lain nan maabiahan wakatu produksi ko sampai 43 bulan. Presiden Ford katiko itu Lee Iacocca nio manjua oto Ford Pinto ko jo harago 2.000 dolar Amerika Serikat. Desain oto ko sarupo jo model oto nan taralah. Oto ko manggunoan masin inline-4 . Masin oto ko dipasang di bagian mungko oto nan lataknyo mamanjang. Oto manggunoak gigi manual jo gigi otomatih untuak manggarakan rodanyo.[8][9]

Produksi oto

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Pambuatan oto tahun 1971 hinggo tahun 1983 marupoan pariode pambuatan oto Ford Pinto ko nan partamo. Oto nan resmi di jua ka pasa pado tanggal 11 September 1971 ko batipe oto sedan fastback. Satahun sasudah nyo oto nan dikaluan kamudian batipe sedan hatchback. Oto Ford Pinto ko partamo kali maluncua di festival Chicago auto show.[10] Pado tanggal 29 Maret 1971, Ford manarik baliak oto nan alah diproduksinyo sabalum 19 Maret 1971, oto tasabuik bajumlah sakitar 220.000 oto Ford Pinto. Upayo tasabuik dilakuan untuak mangatasi masalah nan tajadi pado masin panyariang uok bahan baka nan bakamungkinan dapek tabaka dek karburator.[11][12][13]

Produksi pariode ka duo dimulai pado tahun 1974 sampai 1978. Ado tadapek parubahan nan tajadi dibandiang jo oto nan sabalumnyo. Panambahan tasabuik iolah panambahan bember pado bagian balakang oto jo di mungko oto. Bamper nan di tambah tasabuik marupoan kabijakan nan di kaluan dek pamarintah satampek untuak saluruah oto nan di buek katiko itu. Salain tu, oto nan dibuek di pariode ko punyo pelek ban nan tabuek dari baja, adonyo alaram anti maliang di oto ko sarato jo cat oto nan kini labiah mangkilek.[14][15]

Pariode terakhir dari produksi oto Ford Pinto ko iolah tahun 1979 hinggo 1980. Di periode ko tadapek banyak panyamparonan dari oto ko. Diantaronyo adolah lampu oto, lampu parkir oto, bantuak lua oto sarato jo isi dalam oto. Tahun 1980 ko marupoan tahun dimano akhiia dari produksi oto Ford Pinto ko.[16][17]

Poto-poto oto

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  •  
    Ford Pinto kaluaran tahun 1971
  •  
    Ford Pinto kaluaran tahun 1974
  •  
    Ford Pinto kaluaran tahun 1979

Rujuakan

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  1. ↑ Joseph, Damian (October 30, 2009). "Ugliest Cars of the Past 50 Years". Bloomberg Businessweek. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal February 20, 2010. Diakses tanggal May 02, 2020. The Pinto doesn't seem so bad—that is, until you remember how sexy Fords from the 1960s were. The design devolved into hexagonal headlight housings, a grille that's only a few inches tall yet wide enough to become the car's focal point, and a rear end that apparently melted from the roof. 
  2. ↑ a b "Directory Index: Ford 1971 Pinto Brochure". Oldcarbrochures.com. Diakses tanggal May 02, 2020. 
  3. ↑ "Ford Pinto". Automobile-catalog.com. 
  4. ↑ Mays, James C. Ford and Canada: 100 Years Together (Montréal: Syam Publishing, 2003). p.116.
  5. ↑ Smith, Charles (March 25, 2006). "Lofty ambition / Developer revs up former Ford factory in Richmond for real live-work spaces". The San Francisco Chronicle. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 16, 2019. Diakses tanggal May 2, 2020. 
  6. ↑ SHEREFKIN, ROBERT (June 17, 2003). "Ford 100: Defective Pinto almost took Ford's reputation with it Read more: http://autoweek.com/article/car-news/ford-100-defective-pinto-almost-took-fords-reputation-it#ixzz4wdHFnN3Y". Autoweek. Diakses tanggal May 02, 2020.  Hapus pranala luar di parameter |title= (bantuan)
  7. ↑ "Why Ford keeps using horse names for cars". Jennings Ford Direct. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 16, 2019. Diakses tanggal May 02, 2020. 
  8. ↑ Danley 2005: Initial planning on the Pinto, a second-generation subcompact, began in 1967 ... In January 1969, in a victory for Iaccoca, Ford's Board approved the recommendation of the Product Planning Committee (December 1968) to produce the Pinto.
  9. ↑ Gioia 1992: The Pinto was brought from inception to production in the record time of approximately 25 months (compared to the industry average of 43 months), a time frame that suggested the necessity for doing things expediently. In addition to  the time pressure, the engineering and development teams were required to adhere to the production "limits of 2000" for the diminutive car: it was not to exceed either $2000 in cost or 2000 pounds in weight. Any decisions that threatened these _targets or the timing of the car's introduction were discouraged. Under normal conditions design, styling, product planning, engineering, etc., were  completed prior to production tooling. Because of the foreshortened time frame, however, some of these usually sequential processes were executed in parallel. As a consequence, tooling was already well under way (thus "freezing" the basic design) ...
  10. ↑ "Birth of the Ford Pinto". Howstuffworks.com. 2007-08-09. 
  11. ↑ Jones 1978: 220,000 Pintos were recalled for modifications to prevent possible engine compartment fires.
  12. ↑ Mateja, James (March 30, 1971). "Ford Recalls 204,000 Pintos to Prevent Fuel Vapor Fires". Chicago Tribune. Ford Motor Co. will recall about 204,000 subcompact 1971 Pintos for modification to prevent possible ignition of fuel vapors in the engine air cleaner, it announced yesterday. A Ford Spokesman declined to give the cost of the recall, but all Pintos produced thru March 19, including 204,000 in the United States, 13,000 in Canada and 2,500 overseas, are involved in the program ... Ford said its investigation of complaints revealed that the possibility of a fire existed because the vapors in the air cleaner could be ignited by a backfire thru the carburetor. 
  13. ↑ Associated Press 1971: About 165,000 American owners of Ford's new Pinto are affected by the automaker's announcement that virtually all the mini-cars are being recalled for an engine defect.
  14. ↑ "archive copy". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-11-16. Diakses tanggal 2020-05-03. 
  15. ↑ Standard Catalog of Ford, 4th edition, 2007, by John Gunnell. Krause Publications
  16. ↑ Lamm, Michael (August 1974). "PM Owners Report: Ford Pinto". Popular Mechanics. Popular Mechanics Magazine. 
  17. ↑ "The Ford Pinto". 
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