Galeazzo Ciano
Gian Galeazzo Ciano, Count Ke-2 Cortellazzo dan Buccari (sebutan bahasa Itali: [ɡale'attso ˈtʃaːno]; 18 Mac 1903 – 11 Januari 1944) adalah Menteri Luar Negeri Fasis Itali dari tahun 1936 hingga 1943 dan merupakan menantu kepada Benito Mussolini. Pada 11 Januari 1944, Count Ciano telah dihukum bunuh oleh skuad penembak di atas perintah bapa mertuanya, Mussolini, setelah mendapat tekanan dari Jerman Nazi.[1] Ciano menulis dan meninggalkan sebuah diari[2] yang digunakan sebagai sumber oleh beberapa ahli sejarah, termasuk William Shirer didalam The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich dan didalam drama dokumentari 4-jam HBO Mussolini and I.
Galeazzo Ciano | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Dalam jawatan 9 Jun 1936 – 6 Februari 1943 | |
| Duce | Benito Mussolini |
| Didahului oleh | Benito Mussolini |
| Digantikan oleh | Benito Mussolini |
| Dalam jawatan 23 Jun 1935 – 5 September 1935 | |
| Duce | Benito Mussolini |
| Didahului oleh | Jawatan diwujudkan |
| Digantikan oleh | Dino Alfieri |
| Dalam jawatan 6 September 1934 – 26 Jun 1935 | |
| Duce | Benito Mussolini |
| Didahului oleh | Jawatan diwujudkan |
| Digantikan oleh | Jawatan dimansuhkan |
| Dalam jawatan Ogos 1933 – 4 September 1934 | |
| Duce | Benito Mussolini |
| Didahului oleh | Gaetano Polverelli |
| Digantikan oleh | Jawatan dimansuhkan |
| Maklumat peribadi | |
| Lahir | Gian Galeazzo Ciano 18 Mac 1903 Livorno, Tuscany, Itali |
| Mati | 11 Januari 1944 (umur 40) Verona, Republik Sosial Itali |
| Cause of death | Dihukum bunuh dengan skuad penembak |
| Parti politik | Parti Fasis Nasional (PNF) |
| Pasangan | Edda Mussolini (k. 1930) |
| Anak | 3 |
| Ibu bapa | Costanzo Ciano (bapa) Carolina Pini (ibu) |
| Bidang pengkhususan |
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Dalam budaya popular
sunting- A number of films have depicted Ciano's life, including The Verona Trial (1962) by Carlo Lizzani, where he is played by Frank Wolff and Mussolini and I (1985) in which he was played by Anthony Hopkins.
- Raúl Juliá played Ciano in the 1985 television mini-series, Mussolini: The Untold Story.
- In Serbia there is proverb : "Living like Count Ciano" - describing a flamboyant and luxurious life (Živi ko grof Ćano/Живи ко гроф Ћано)
- Ciano's diaries were published in 1946 and were used by the prosecution against Hitler's Foreign Minister, Joachim von Ribbentrop, during the post-war Nuremberg Trials.
Rujukan
suntingNota
sunting- ^ Moseley, Ray (2004). Mussolini : the last 600 days of il Duce (ed. 1.). Dallas: Taylor Trade Publ. m/s. 79. ISBN 1589790952.
- ^ Ciano, Galeazzo (2002). Diary, 1937-1943 (ed. 1st complete and unabridged English). New York: Enigma Books. ISBN 1929631022.
Bibliografi
sunting- Galeazzo Ciano, Ciano's Diary, 1939-1943, edited and with an introduction by Malcolm Muggeridge, foreword by Sumner Welles, translated by V. Umberto Coletti-Perucca, London and Toronto: William Heinemann Ltd., (1947).
- Ciano's diplomatic papers: being a record of nearly 200 conversations held during the years 1936–42 with Hitler, Mussolini, Franco; together with important memoranda, letters, telegrams etc. / edited by Malcolm Muggeridge; translated by Stuart Hood, London: Odhams Press, (1948).
- Galeazzo Ciano, Diary 1937–1943, Preface by Renzo De Felice (Professor of History University of Rome) and original introduction by Sumner Welles (U.S. Under Secretary of State 1937–1943), translated by Robert L. Miller (Enigma Books, 2002), ISBN 1-929631-02-2
- The Ciano Diaries 1939–1943: The Complete, Unabridged Diaries of Count Galeazzo Ciano, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1936–1943 (2000) ISBN 1-931313-74-1
- Giordano Bruno Guerri – Un amore fascista. Benito, Edda e Galeazzo. (Mondadori, 2005) ISBN 88-04-53467-2
- Чиано Галеаццо, Дневник фашиста. 1939–1943, (Москва: Издательство "Плацъ", Серия "Первоисточники новейшей истории", 2010, 676 стр.) ISBN 978-5-903514-02-1
- Ray Moseley – Mussolini's Shadow: The Double Life of Count Galeazzo Ciano, (Yale University Press, 1999) ISBN 0-300-07917-6
- R.J.B. Bosworth – Mussolini (Hodder Arnold, 2002) ISBN 0-340-73144-3
- Michael Salter and Lorie Charlesworth – "Ribbentrop and the Ciano Diaries at the Nuremberg Trial" in Journal of International Criminal Justice 2006 4(1):103–127 doi:10.1093/jicj/mqi095
- Fabrizio Ciano – Quando il nonno fece fucilare papà ("When Grandpa had Daddy Shot"). Milano: Mondadori, 1991.
- "Galeazzo Ciano’s Last Reflections before Execution." World War II Today RSS. Accessed 25 March 2015.
- "Galeazzo Ciano - a Summary - History in an Hour." History in an Hour. 10 January 2014. Accessed 25 March 2015.
- "Gian Galeazzo Ciano - Comando Supremo." Comando Supremo. 14 February 2010. Accessed 25 March 2015.
- "The Ciano Papers: Rose Garden." Central Intelligence Agency. 4 August 2011. Accessed 25 March 2015.
Pautan luar
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Petikan kata berkenaan Galeazzo Ciano di Wikiquote
Kategori berkenaan Galeazzo Ciano di Wikimedia Commons
| Bangsawan Itali | ||
|---|---|---|
| Didahului oleh Costanzo Ciano |
Count of Cortellazzo and Buccari 1939–1944 |
Diikuti oleh: Fabrizio Ciano |
| Pejabat-pejabat kerajaan | ||
| Didahului oleh Gaetano Polverelli |
Ketua Pejabat Akhbar Kerajaan 1933–1934 |
Diikuti oleh: Tiada (Jawatan dimansuhkan) Sendiri sebagai Setiausaha Rendah Akhbar dan Propaganda |
| Didahului oleh Tiada (Jawatan diwujudkan) |
Setiausaha Rendah Akhbar dan Propaganda 1934–1935 |
Diikuti oleh: Tiada (Jawatan dimansuhkan) Sendiri sebagai Menteri Akhbar dan Propaganda |
| Didahului oleh Tiada (Jawatan diwujudkan) |
Menteri Akhbar dan Propaganda 1935 |
Diikuti oleh: Dino Alfieri |
| Didahului oleh Benito Mussolini |
Menteri Luar Negeri 1936–1943 |
Diikuti oleh: Benito Mussolini |