Saul Bellow
Saul Bellow (lahir Solomon Bellows, 10 Jun 1915 - 5 April 2005) ialah seorang penulis Kanada-Amerika. Untuk karya sasteranya, Bellow dianugerahkan Hadiah Pulitzer, Hadiah Nobel untuk Sastera, dan Pingat Kebangsaan.[1] Beliau ialah satu-satunya penulis untuk memenangi Anugerah Buku Kebangsaan untuk Fiksyen tiga kali[2] dan beliau menerima pingat seumur hidup Yayasan Kebangsaan Pingat untuk Sumbangan Cemerlang kepada Surat Amerika pada tahun 1990. [3]
Saul Bellow | |
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| Lahir | Solomon Bellows 10 Jun 1915 Lachine, Quebec, Kanada |
| Meninggal dunia | 5 April 2005 (umur 89) Brookline, Massachusetts, Amerika Syarikat |
| Pekerjaan | Penulis |
| Warganegara | Kanada-Amerika |
| Alma mater | Universiti Chicago Northwestern University University of Wisconsin |
| Pasangan | Anita Goshkin (1937–1956)
Alexandra (Sondra) Tschacbasov (1956–1959) |
| Tandatangan | |
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Dalam kata-kata Jawatankuasa Nobel Sweden, tulisannya memperlihatkan "gabungan novel picaresque yang kaya dan analisis halus budaya kita, pengembaraan yang menghiburkan, episod drastik dan tragis dalam penggantian pantas yang diselaraskan dengan perbualan falsafah, semua yang dibangunkan oleh seorang pengulas dengan cerdas lidah dan pandangan menembusi ke dalam komplikasi luar dan dalam yang mendorong kita bertindak, atau menghalang kita daripada bertindak, dan itu boleh dipanggil dilema zaman kita."[4] Antara karya-karyanya yang terkenal ialah The Adventures of Augie March, Henderson the Rain King, Herzog, Planet Mr. Sammler, Seize the Day, Hadiah Humboldt dan Ravelstein. Bellow dianggap secara luas sebagai salah satu pengarang terbesar abad ke-20. [5]
Bellow mengatakan bahawa semua wataknya, Eugene Henderson, Henderson the Rain King , adalah yang paling menyukai dirinya. [6] Bellow membesar sebagai kanak-kanak kumar yang tidak sombong, seorang "jubah tebal", dan seorang pendatang dari Quebec. Seperti yang diterangkan oleh Christopher Hitchens, fiksyen Bellow dan watak-watak utama mencerminkan kerinduannya sendiri untuk melampaui pertempuran, "untuk mengalahkan bukan sahaja keadaan ghetto tetapi juga psikosis ghetto."[7][8] Protagonis Bellow, dalam satu bentuk atau yang lain, semua bergumul dengan apa yang Albert Corde, dekan dalam The Dean Disember, yang disebut "kegilaan besar-besaran abad ke-20." Transendensi "yang tidak disengaja" itu (frasa dari Dangling Man) dicapai, jika ia dapat dicapai sama sekali, melalui "asimilasi pembelajaran yang ganas (Hitchens) dan penekanan kepada bangsawan.
Bibliografi
suntingNovel dan novela
sunting- Dangling Man (1944)
- The Victim (1947)
- The Adventures of Augie March (1953), National Book Award for Fiction[9]
- Seize the Day (1956)
- Henderson the Rain King (1959)
- Herzog (1964), National Book Award[10]
- Mr. Sammler's Planet (1970), National Book Award[11]
- Humboldt's Gift (1975), winner of the 1976 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction[12]
- The Dean's December (1982)
- More Die of Heartbreak (1987)
- A Theft (1989)
- The Bellarosa Connection (1989)
- The Actual (1997)
- Ravelstein (2000)
Koleksi cerpen
sunting- Mosby's Memoirs (1968)
- Him with His Foot in His Mouth (1984)
- Something to Remember Me By: Three Tales (1991)
- Collected Stories (2001)
Sandiwara
sunting- The Last Analysis (1965)
Edisi Perpustakaan Amerika
sunting- Novels 1944–1953: Dangling Man, The Victim, The Adventures of Augie March (2003)
- Novels 1956–1964: Seize the Day, Henderson the Rain King, Herzog (2007)
- Novels 1970–1982: Mr. Sammler's Planet, Humboldt's Gift, The Dean's December (2010)
- Novels 1984–2000: What Kind of Day Did You Have?, More Die of Heartbreak, A Theft, The Bellarosa Connection, The Actual, Ravelstein (2014)
Terjemahan
sunting- "Gimpel the Fool"' (1945), short story by Isaac Bashevis Singer (translated by Bellow in 1953)
Bukan cereka
sunting- To Jerusalem and Back (1976), memoir
- It All Adds Up (1994), essay collection
- Saul Bellow: Letters, edited by Benjamin Taylor (2010), correspondence
- There Is Simply Too Much To Think About (Viking, 2015), collection of shorter non-fiction pieces
Karya mengenai Saul Bellow
sunting- Saul Bellow's Heart: A Son's Memoir, Greg Bellow, 2013 ISBN 978-1608199952
- Saul Bellow, Tony Tanner (1965) (see also his City of Words [1971])
- Saul Bellow, Malcolm Bradbury (1982)
- Saul Bellow Drumlin Woodchuck, Mark Harris, University of Georgia Press. (1982)
- Saul Bellow: Modern Critical Views, Harold Bloom (Ed.) (1986)
- Handsome Is: Adventures with Saul Bellow, Harriet Wasserman (1997)
- Saul Bellow and the Decline of Humanism, Michael K Glenday (1990)
- Saul Bellow: A Biography of the Imagination, Ruth Miller, St. Martins Pr. (1991)
- Bellow: A Biography, James Atlas (2000)
- Saul Bellow and American Transcendentalism, M.A. Quayum (2004)
- "Even Later" and "The American Eagle" in Martin Amis, The War Against Cliché (2001) are celebratory. The latter essay is also found in the Everyman's Library edition of Augie March.
- 'Saul Bellow's comic style': James Wood in The Irresponsible Self: On Laughter and the Novel, 2004. ISBN 0-224-06450-9.
- The Hero in Contemporary American Fiction: The Works of Saul Bellow and Don DeLillo , Stephanie Halldorson (2007)
- "Saul Bellow" a song, written by Sufjan Stevens on The Avalanche, which is composed of outtakes and other recordings from his concept album Illinois
- The Life of Saul Bellow: To Fame and Fortune, 1915–1964 (2015), and The Life of Saul Bellow: Love and Strife, 1965-2005 (2018), Zachary Leader
Rujukan
sunting- ^ Pengiktirafan Universiti Chicago - Pingat Kebangsaan . Diperoleh pada 8 Mac 2008.
- ^ "Pemenang Anugerah Buku Kebangsaan: 1950-2009" . Yayasan Buku Kebangsaan . Diperoleh pada 12 Mac 2012.
- ^ "Sumbangan Cemerlang kepada Surat Amerika" . Yayasan Buku Kebangsaan. Diperoleh pada 12 Mac 2012.
- ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 1976 - Press Release". nobelprize.org. Dicapai pada 26 August 2015.
- ^ Obituari: Saul Bellow BBC News, Selasa, 5 April 2005
- ^ "The New York Times, Mel Gussow and Charles McGrath[2005], in Saul Bellow, Who Breathed Life into American Novel, Dies at 89". nytimes.com. Dicapai pada 26 August 2015.
- ^ Arguably: Essays, Christopher Hitchens[2011], "Saul Bellow: The Great Assimilator", Atlantic Books, 2011 ISBN 9780857892577
- ^ "Titan Amerika Yahudi dari ghetto" Oleh Christopher Hitchens, 30 Disember 30, 2011
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1954". National Book Foundation (NBF). Retrieved 2012-03-03. (With essay by Nathaniel Rich from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog.)
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1965". NBF. Retrieved 2012-03-03. (With acceptance speech by Bellow and essay by Salvatore Scibona from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog.)
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1971". NBF. Retrieved 2012-03-03. (With essay by Craig Morgan Teicher from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog.)
- ^ "History". Past winners & finalists by category. The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved 30 March 2012.
Pautan luar
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