Isotopen van scandium
Het chemisch element scandium (Sc), met een atoommassa van 44,955912(6) u, bezit 1 stabiele isotoop: 45Sc. De overige 24 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halveringstijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).
De kortstlevende isotopen van scandium zijn 38Sc en 39Sc, beide met een halfwaardetijd van minder dan 300 nanoseconden. De langstlevende is 46Sc, met een halfwaardetijd van bijna 84 dagen.
Overzicht
bewerken| Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
| 36Sc | 21 | 15 | 36,01492(54) | p | 35Ca | ||||
| 37Sc | 21 | 16 | 37,00305(32) | p | 36Ca | 7/2− | |||
| 38Sc | 21 | 17 | 37,99470(32) | < 300 ns | p | 37Ca | (2−) | ||
| 38mSc | p | 37Ca | |||||||
| 39Sc | 21 | 18 | 38,984790(26) | < 300 ns | p | 38Ca | (7/2−) | ||
| 40Sc | 21 | 19 | 39,977967(3) | 182,3(7) ms | β+ (99,54%) | 40Ca | 4− | ||
| β+, p (0,44%) | 39K | ||||||||
| β+, α (0,017%) | 36Ar | ||||||||
| 41Sc | 21 | 20 | 40,96925113(24) | 596,3(17) ms | β+ | 41Ca | 7/2− | ||
| 42Sc | 21 | 21 | 41,96551643(29) | 681,3(7) ms | β+ | 42Ca | 0+ | ||
| 42mSc | 616,28(6) keV | 61,7(4) s | β+ | 42Ca | (7, 5, 6)+ | ||||
| 43Sc | 21 | 22 | 42,9611507(20) | 3,891(12) uur | β+ | 43Ca | 7/2− | ||
| 43m1Sc | 151,4(2) keV | 438(7) µs | 3/2+ | ||||||
| 43m2Sc | 3123,2(3) keV | 470(4) ns | 19/2− | ||||||
| 44Sc | 21 | 23 | 43,9594028(19) | 3,97(4) uur | β+ | 44Ca | 2+ | ||
| 44m1Sc | 67,8680(14) keV | 154,2(8) ns | 1− | ||||||
| 44m2Sc | 270,95(20) keV | 58,61(10) uur | IT (98,8%) | 44Sc | 6+ | ||||
| β+ (1,2%) | 44Ca | ||||||||
| 44m3Sc | 146,224(22) keV | 50,4(7) µs | 0− | ||||||
| 45Sc | 21 | 24 | 44,9559119(9) | stabiel | 7/2− | 1,0000 | |||
| 45mSc | 12,40(5) keV | 318(7) ms | IT | 45Sc | 3/2+ | ||||
| 46Sc | 21 | 25 | 45,9551719(9) | 83,79(4) dagen | β− | 46Ti | 4+ | ||
| 46m1Sc | 52,011(1) keV | 9,4(8) µs | 6+ | ||||||
| 46m2Sc | 142,528(7) keV | 18,75(4) s | IT | 46Sc | 1− | ||||
| 47Sc | 21 | 26 | 46,9524075(22) | 3,3492(6) dagen | β− | 47Ti | 7/2− | ||
| 47mSc | 766,83(9) keV | 272(8) ns | 3/2+ | ||||||
| 48Sc | 21 | 27 | 47,952231(6) | 43,67(9) uur | β− | 48Ti | 6+ | ||
| 49Sc | 21 | 28 | 48,950024(4) | 57,2(2) min | β− | 49Ti | 7/2− | ||
| 50Sc | 21 | 29 | 49,952188(17) | 102,5(5) s | β− | 50Ti | 5+ | ||
| 50mSc | 256,895(10) keV | 350(40) ms | IT (97,5%) | 50Sc | 2+,3+ | ||||
| β− (2,5%) | 50Ti | ||||||||
| 51Sc | 21 | 30 | 50,953603(22) | 12,4(1) s | β− | 51Ti | 7/2− | ||
| 52Sc | 21 | 31 | 51,95668(21) | 8,2(2) s | β− | 52Ti | 3+ | ||
| 53Sc | 21 | 32 | 52,95961(32) | > 3 s | β− (> 99,9%) | 53Ti | (7/2−) | ||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 52Ti | ||||||||
| 54Sc | 21 | 33 | 53,96326(40) | 260(30) ms | β− (> 99,9%) | 54Ti | 3+ | ||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 53Ti | ||||||||
| 54mSc | 110(3) keV | 7(5) µs | (5+) | ||||||
| 55Sc | 21 | 34 | 54,96824(79) | 0,115(15) s | β− (> 99,9%) | 55Ti | 7/2− | ||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 54Ti | ||||||||
| 56Sc | 21 | 35 | 55,97287(75) | 35(5) ms | β− | 56Ti | (1+) | ||
| 57Sc | 21 | 36 | 56,97779(75) | 13(4) ms | β− | 57Ti | 7/2− | ||
| 58Sc | 21 | 37 | 57,98371(86) | 12(5) ms | β− | 58Ti | (3+) | ||
| 59Sc | 21 | 38 | 58,98922(97) | 10 ms | β−, n | 58Ti | 7/2− | ||
| β− | 59Ti | ||||||||
| 60Sc | 21 | 39 | 59,99571(97) | 3 ms | 3+ | ||||
Overzicht van isotopen per element
bewerken| 1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
| 2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
| 3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
| 4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
| 5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
| 6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
| 7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
| Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
- (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
- (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859