Characteristics of men and women with diabetes: observations during patients' initial visit to a diabetes education centre
- PMID: 18272638
- PMCID: PMC2278314
Characteristics of men and women with diabetes: observations during patients' initial visit to a diabetes education centre
Abstract
Objective: To determine whether men and women with type 2 diabetes have different psychosocial, behavioural, and clinical characteristics at the time of their first visit to a diabetes education centre.
Design: A questionnaire on psychosocial and behavioural characteristics was administered at participants' first appointments. Clinical and disease-related data were collected from their medical records. Bivariate analyses (chi(2) test, t test, and Mann-Whitney test) were conducted to examine differences between men and women on the various characteristics.
Setting: Two diabetes education centres in the greater Toronto area in Ontario.
Participants: A total of 275 men and women with type 2 diabetes.
Results: Women were more likely to have a family history of diabetes,previous diabetes education, and higher expectations of the benefits of self-management. Women reported higher levels of social support from their diabetes health care team than men did, and had more depressive symptoms, higher body mass, and higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than men did.
Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence that diabetes prevention, care, and education need to be _targeted to men and women differently. Primary care providers should encourage men to attend diabetes self-management education sessions and emphasize the benefits of self-care. Primary care providers should promote regular diabetes screening and primary prevention to women, particularly women with a family history of diabetes or a high body mass index; emphasize the importance of weight management for those with and without diabetes; and screen diabetic women for depressive symptoms.
OBJECTIF: Déterminer si les hommes et les femmes qui ont un diabète de type 2 ont des caractéristiques psychosociales, comportementales et cliniques différentes au moment de leur première visite au centre d’éducation sur le diabète.
TYPE D’ÉTUDE: Un questionnaire sur les caractéristiques psychosociales et comportementales a été administré aux participants lors de leur premier rendezvous. Les données cliniques et celles concernant leurs maladies ont été tirées de leur dossier médical. Des analyses bivariées (test de χ2, test de t et test de Mann-Withney) ont été effectuées pour déterminer les différences entre hommes et femmes sur les diverses caractéristiques.
CONTEXTE: Deux centres d’éducation sur le diabète du Grand Toronto, en Ontario.
PARTICIPANTS: Un total de 275 hommes et femmes présentant un diabète de type 2.
RÉSULTATS: Les femmes étaient plus susceptibles d’avoir des antécédents familiaux de diabète, une formation antérieure sur cette maladie et des attentes plus élevées concernant les avantages de prendre en main son propre traitement. Elles disaient recevoir un meilleur soutien social de la part de l’équipe soignante du diabète que les hommes, et avaient davantage de symptômes dépressifs, un poids corporel plus élevé et un taux plus élevé de cholestérol des lipoprotéines de haute densité que les hommes.
CONCLUSION: Les résultats de cette étude prouvent que la prévention, le traitement et l’éducation concernant le diabète exigent une approche différente pour les hommes et les femmes. Le personnel soignant de première ligne devrait inciter les hommes à suivre des séances d’éducation sur la prise en main de leur propre traitement et mettre l’accent sur les avantages de cette prise en main. Les intervenants devraient promouvoir le dépistage et la prévention primaire réguliers du diabète chez les femmes, surtout celles qui ont des antécédents familiaux de diabète ou un indice de masse corporelle élevé; faire valoir l’importance du contrôle du poids corporel chez celles qui présentent ou non un diabète; et rechercher les symptômes de dépression chez les femmes diabétiques.
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