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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2015 Feb 28;113(4):596-602.
doi: 10.1017/S0007114514004097. Epub 2015 Jan 29.

Probiotic supplementation prevents high-fat, overfeeding-induced insulin resistance in human subjects

Carl J Hulston  1 , Amelia A Churnside  1 , Michelle C Venables  2
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Probiotic supplementation prevents high-fat, overfeeding-induced insulin resistance in human subjects

Carl J Hulston et al. Br J Nutr. .

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether probiotic supplementation (Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS)) prevents diet-induced insulin resistance in human subjects. A total of seventeen healthy subjects were randomised to either a probiotic (n 8) or a control (n 9) group. The probiotic group consumed a LcS-fermented milk drink twice daily for 4 weeks, whereas the control group received no supplementation. Subjects maintained their normal diet for the first 3 weeks of the study, after which they consumed a high-fat (65 % of energy), high-energy (50 % increase in energy intake) diet for 7 d. Whole-body insulin sensitivity was assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test conducted before and after overfeeding. Body mass increased by 0·6 (SE 0·2) kg in the control group (P< 0·05) and by 0·3 (SE 0·2) kg in the probiotic group (P>0·05). Fasting plasma glucose concentrations increased following 7 d of overeating (control group: 5·3 (SE 0·1) v. 5·6 (SE 0·2) mmol/l before and after overfeeding, respectively, P< 0·05), whereas fasting serum insulin concentrations were maintained in both groups. Glucose AUC values increased by 10 % (from 817 (SE 45) to 899 (SE 39) mmol/l per 120 min, P< 0·05) and whole-body insulin sensitivity decreased by 27 % (from 5·3 (SE 1·4) to 3·9 (SE 0·9), P< 0·05) in the control group, whereas normal insulin sensitivity was maintained in the probiotic group (4·4 (SE 0·8) and 4·5 (SE 0·9) before and after overeating, respectively (P>0·05). These results suggest that probiotic supplementation may be useful in the prevention of diet-induced metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: Probiotics.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Plasma glucose (A, control group; B, probiotic group) and serum insulin (C, control group; D, probiotic group) concentrations during a 2 hour oral glucose tolerance test conducted before and after 7 days of overeating. Values are means ± SE (n = 9, control group; n = 8 probiotic group).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The Matsuda insulin sensitivity index calculated during an oral glucose tolerance test conducted before and after 7 days of overeating for control and probiotic supplemented groups. Values are means ± SE (n = 9, control group; n = 8 probiotic group). *Significantly different from baseline, p < 0.05.
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