The rat adequately reflects human responses to exercise in blood biochemical profile: a comparative study

doi:10.14814/phy2.12293

. 2015 Feb 12;3(2):e12293.

doi: 10.14814/phy2.12293. Print 2015 Feb 1.

The rat adequately reflects human responses to exercise in blood biochemical profile: a comparative study

Affiliations

¹ Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.
² Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece Department of Hematology - Blood Bank, General Hospital of Serres, Serres, Greece.
³ Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, KariesTrikala, Greece.

PMID: 25677548
PMCID: PMC4393201
DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12293

The rat adequately reflects human responses to exercise in blood biochemical profile: a comparative study

Georgios Goutianos et al. Physiol Rep. 2015.

. 2015 Feb 12;3(2):e12293.

doi: 10.14814/phy2.12293. Print 2015 Feb 1.

Affiliations

¹ Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.
² Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece Department of Hematology - Blood Bank, General Hospital of Serres, Serres, Greece.
³ Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, KariesTrikala, Greece.

PMID: 25677548
PMCID: PMC4393201
DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12293

Abstract

Animal models are widely used in biology and the findings of animal research are traditionally projected to humans. However, recent publications have raised concerns with regard to what extent animals and humans respond similar to physiological stimuli. Original data on direct in vivo comparison between animals and humans are scarce and no study has addressed this issue after exercise. We aimed to compare side by side in the same experimental setup rat and human responses to an acute exercise bout of matched intensity and duration. Rats and humans ran on a treadmill at 86% of maximal velocity until exhaustion. Pre and post exercise we measured 30 blood chemistry parameters, which evaluate iron status, lipid profile, glucose regulation, protein metabolism, liver, and renal function. ANOVA indicated that almost all biochemical parameters followed a similar alteration pattern post exercise in rats and humans. In fact, there were only 2/30 significant species × exercise interactions (in testosterone and globulins), indicating different responses to exercise between rats and humans. On the contrary, the main effect of exercise was significant in 15/30 parameters and marginally nonsignificant in other two parameters (copper, P = 0.060 and apolipoprotein B, P = 0.058). Our major finding is that the rat adequately mimics human responses to exercise in those basic blood biochemical parameters reported here. The physiological resemblance of rat and human blood responses after exercise to exhaustion on a treadmill indicates that the use of blood chemistry in rats for exercise physiology research is justified.

Keywords: Animal models; biomarkers; blood; exercise; human; rat.

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Figures

**Figure 1**
Percent changes in blood biochemical parameters after acute exhaustive exercise in rats (gray) and humans (black). GGT, gamma – glutamyl transferase; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA, homeostasis model assessment; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SGOT, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; SGPT, serum glutamic – pyruvic transaminase; UIBC, unsaturated iron binding capacity.

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References

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[1] Allen DG, Lamb GD. Westerblad H. Skeletal muscle fatigue: cellular mechanisms. Physiol. Rev. 2008;88:287–332. - PubMed

[2] Allen DG, Lamb GD. Westerblad H. Skeletal muscle fatigue: cellular mechanisms. Physiol. Rev. 2008;88:287–332. - PubMed

[3] Aynsley-Green A, Biebuyck JF. Alberti KG. Anaesthesia and insulin secretion: the effects of diethyl ether, halothane, pentobarbitone sodium and ketamine hydrochloride on intravenous glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in the rat. Diabetologia. 1973;9:274–281. - PubMed

[4] Aynsley-Green A, Biebuyck JF. Alberti KG. Anaesthesia and insulin secretion: the effects of diethyl ether, halothane, pentobarbitone sodium and ketamine hydrochloride on intravenous glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in the rat. Diabetologia. 1973;9:274–281. - PubMed

[5] Booth FW. Laye MJ. Lack of adequate appreciation of physical exercise's complexities can pre-empt appropriate design and interpretation in scientific discovery. J. Physiol. 2009;587:5527–5539. - PMC - PubMed

[6] Booth FW. Laye MJ. Lack of adequate appreciation of physical exercise's complexities can pre-empt appropriate design and interpretation in scientific discovery. J. Physiol. 2009;587:5527–5539. - PMC - PubMed

[7] Bradley NS, Snook LA, Jain SS, Heigenhauser GJ, Bonen A. Spriet LL. Acute endurance exercise increases plasma membrane fatty acid transport proteins in rat and human skeletal muscle. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinal. Metab. 2012;302:E183–E189. - PubMed

[8] Bradley NS, Snook LA, Jain SS, Heigenhauser GJ, Bonen A. Spriet LL. Acute endurance exercise increases plasma membrane fatty acid transport proteins in rat and human skeletal muscle. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinal. Metab. 2012;302:E183–E189. - PubMed

[9] Brooks GA. Cell-cell and intracellular lactate shuttles. J. Physiol. 2009;587:5591–5600. - PMC - PubMed

[10] Brooks GA. Cell-cell and intracellular lactate shuttles. J. Physiol. 2009;587:5591–5600. - PMC - PubMed

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The rat adequately reflects human responses to exercise in blood biochemical profile: a comparative study

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The rat adequately reflects human responses to exercise in blood biochemical profile: a comparative study

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