Effects of Dairy Products Consumption on Health: Benefits and Beliefs--A Commentary from the Belgian Bone Club and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases

doi:10.1007/s00223-015-0062-x

Review

. 2016 Jan;98(1):1-17.

doi: 10.1007/s00223-015-0062-x. Epub 2015 Oct 7.

Effects of Dairy Products Consumption on Health: Benefits and Beliefs--A Commentary from the Belgian Bone Club and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases

Affiliations

¹ Department of Gynaecology-Obstetrics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
² Department of Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
³ Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
⁴ Department of Radioisotopes, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
⁵ Metabolic Bone Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
⁶ MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
⁷ University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
⁸ Department of Rheumatology, Saint Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
⁹ Gerontology and Geriatrics Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, Katholiek Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁰ Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, State University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
¹¹ Department of Endocrinology, State University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
¹² Division of Bones Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
¹³ Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. jyreginster@ulg.ac.be.

PMID: 26445771
PMCID: PMC4703621
DOI: 10.1007/s00223-015-0062-x

Review

Effects of Dairy Products Consumption on Health: Benefits and Beliefs--A Commentary from the Belgian Bone Club and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases

Serge Rozenberg et al. Calcif Tissue Int. 2016 Jan.

. 2016 Jan;98(1):1-17.

doi: 10.1007/s00223-015-0062-x. Epub 2015 Oct 7.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Gynaecology-Obstetrics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
² Department of Medicine, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
³ Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
⁴ Department of Radioisotopes, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
⁵ Metabolic Bone Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
⁶ MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
⁷ University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
⁸ Department of Rheumatology, Saint Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
⁹ Gerontology and Geriatrics Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, Katholiek Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁰ Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, State University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
¹¹ Department of Endocrinology, State University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
¹² Division of Bones Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
¹³ Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. jyreginster@ulg.ac.be.

PMID: 26445771
PMCID: PMC4703621
DOI: 10.1007/s00223-015-0062-x

Abstract

Dairy products provide a package of essential nutrients that is difficult to obtain in low-dairy or dairy-free diets, and for many people it is not possible to achieve recommended daily calcium intakes with a dairy-free diet. Despite the established benefits for bone health, some people avoid dairy in their diet due to beliefs that dairy may be detrimental to health, especially in those with weight management issues, lactose intolerance, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or trying to avoid cardiovascular disease. This review provides information for health professionals to enable them to help their patients make informed decisions about consuming dairy products as part of a balanced diet. There may be a weak association between dairy consumption and a possible small weight reduction, with decreases in fat mass and waist circumference and increases in lean body mass. Lactose intolerant individuals may not need to completely eliminate dairy products from their diet, as both yogurt and hard cheese are well tolerated. Among people with arthritis, there is no evidence for a benefit to avoid dairy consumption. Dairy products do not increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly if low fat. Intake of up to three servings of dairy products per day appears to be safe and may confer a favourable benefit with regard to bone health.

Keywords: Arthritis; Cardiovascular disease; Dairy products; Lactose intolerance; Osteoporosis; Weight management.

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References

1. Smit E, Nieto FJ, Crespo CJ, Mitchell P. Estimates of animal and plant protein intake in US adults: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1991. J Am Diet Assoc. 1999;99(7):813–820. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00193-5. - DOI - PubMed
1. Feskanich D, Willett WC, Colditz GA. Calcium, vitamin D, milk consumption, and hip fractures: a prospective study among postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77(2):504–511. - PubMed
1. Chevalley T, Bonjour JP, Ferrari S, Rizzoli R. High-protein intake enhances the positive impact of physical activity on BMC in prepubertal boys. J Bone Miner Res. 2008;23(1):131–142. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.070907. - DOI - PubMed
1. Vissers PA, Streppel MT, Feskens EJ, de Groot LC. The contribution of dairy products to micronutrient intake in the Netherlands. J Am Coll Nutr. 2011;30(5 Suppl 1):415S–421S. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2011.10719985. - DOI - PubMed
1. Skinner ML, Simpson JA, Buchholz AC. Dietary and total calcium intakes are associated with lower percentage total body and truncal fat in young, healthy adults. J Am Coll Nutr. 2011;30(6):484–490. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2011.10719994. - DOI - PubMed

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[1] Smit E, Nieto FJ, Crespo CJ, Mitchell P. Estimates of animal and plant protein intake in US adults: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1991. J Am Diet Assoc. 1999;99(7):813–820. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00193-5. - DOI - PubMed

[2] Smit E, Nieto FJ, Crespo CJ, Mitchell P. Estimates of animal and plant protein intake in US adults: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1991. J Am Diet Assoc. 1999;99(7):813–820. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00193-5. - DOI - PubMed

[3] Feskanich D, Willett WC, Colditz GA. Calcium, vitamin D, milk consumption, and hip fractures: a prospective study among postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77(2):504–511. - PubMed

[4] Feskanich D, Willett WC, Colditz GA. Calcium, vitamin D, milk consumption, and hip fractures: a prospective study among postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77(2):504–511. - PubMed

[5] Chevalley T, Bonjour JP, Ferrari S, Rizzoli R. High-protein intake enhances the positive impact of physical activity on BMC in prepubertal boys. J Bone Miner Res. 2008;23(1):131–142. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.070907. - DOI - PubMed

[6] Chevalley T, Bonjour JP, Ferrari S, Rizzoli R. High-protein intake enhances the positive impact of physical activity on BMC in prepubertal boys. J Bone Miner Res. 2008;23(1):131–142. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.070907. - DOI - PubMed

[7] Vissers PA, Streppel MT, Feskens EJ, de Groot LC. The contribution of dairy products to micronutrient intake in the Netherlands. J Am Coll Nutr. 2011;30(5 Suppl 1):415S–421S. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2011.10719985. - DOI - PubMed

[8] Vissers PA, Streppel MT, Feskens EJ, de Groot LC. The contribution of dairy products to micronutrient intake in the Netherlands. J Am Coll Nutr. 2011;30(5 Suppl 1):415S–421S. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2011.10719985. - DOI - PubMed

[9] Skinner ML, Simpson JA, Buchholz AC. Dietary and total calcium intakes are associated with lower percentage total body and truncal fat in young, healthy adults. J Am Coll Nutr. 2011;30(6):484–490. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2011.10719994. - DOI - PubMed

[10] Skinner ML, Simpson JA, Buchholz AC. Dietary and total calcium intakes are associated with lower percentage total body and truncal fat in young, healthy adults. J Am Coll Nutr. 2011;30(6):484–490. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2011.10719994. - DOI - PubMed

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Effects of Dairy Products Consumption on Health: Benefits and Beliefs--A Commentary from the Belgian Bone Club and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases

Affiliations

Effects of Dairy Products Consumption on Health: Benefits and Beliefs--A Commentary from the Belgian Bone Club and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases

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