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. 2017 Jul;34(8):801-807.
doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1598246. Epub 2017 Feb 15.

Evidence of Early Pulmonary Hypertension Is Associated with Increased Mortality in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Andrew Berenz  1 , Jeffrey E Vergales  2 , Jonathan R Swanson  1 , Robert A Sinkin  1
Affiliations

Evidence of Early Pulmonary Hypertension Is Associated with Increased Mortality in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Andrew Berenz et al. Am J Perinatol. 2017 Jul.

Abstract

Objective The objective of this study was to describe the inhospital outcomes of a high-risk cohort of very low birth weight infants with evidence of pulmonary hypertension (PHT) within the first 2 weeks after delivery. Design A retrospective cohort study of consecutively admitted neonates with birth weight < 1,500 g admitted to a Level IV neonatal intensive care unit who were evaluated by echocardiogram between 72 hours and 14 days. Results A total of 343 eligible infants were included in the cohort with a median gestational age of 25.5 weeks and birth weight of 790 g. Evidence of early PHT was associated with birth weight Z-score (odds ratio [OR]: 0.65, confidence interval [CI]: 0.48-0.87) and maternal African American race (OR: 1.9, CI: 1.03-3.69). Early PHT was associated with decreased in-hospital survival compared with those with no evidence of PHT (OR: 2.0, CI: 1.02-3.90), and was associated with an increased rate of moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (OR: 2.92, CI: 1.24-6.89). Conclusion The presence of early PHT on echocardiogram between 72 hours and 14 days of age was associated with decreased in-hospital survival and worse pulmonary outcomes. This population represents a group of infants who warrant further investigation to improve outcomes.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None.

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