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Review
. 2017 Jun;19(S3):S3-S12.
doi: 10.1089/dia.2017.0090.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring with Multiple Daily Insulin Treatment: Outcome Studies

Janet B McGill  1 , Andrew Ahmann  2
Affiliations
Review

Continuous Glucose Monitoring with Multiple Daily Insulin Treatment: Outcome Studies

Janet B McGill et al. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2017 Jun.

Abstract

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is developing into an increasingly useful tool for glucose monitoring and therapeutic guidance in the treatment of diabetes. Multiple daily doses of insulin (MDI) is the most common method for intensive insulin treatment of type 1 diabetes and is also becoming more common in the treatment of type 2 diabetes as an increasing population with type 2 diabetes experiences progressive beta cell loss. The clinical evidence demonstrating the benefit of CGM in the outcomes of patients treated with MDI is becoming clearer, particularly with the recent completion of several randomized clinical trials addressing both type 1 and 2 diabetes. This evidence is reviewed.

Keywords: Continuous glucose monitoring; Diamond Study; Hypoglycemia; Multiple daily doses of insulin; Type 1 diabetes; Type 2 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

Andrew Ahmann reports consulting fees from Dexcom and Novo Nordisk as well as research grant funding from Dexcom, Novo Nordisk, Medtronic, and Lexicon.

Janet B. McGill reports consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Dexcom, Lilly, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Janssen, and Calibra, as well as research funding grants from Novartis, Lexicon, and Dexcom.

Figures

<b>FIG. 1.</b>
FIG. 1.
HbA1c outcomes in type 2 DIAMOND trial. Adapted from Bergenstal et al. with permission.
<b>FIG. 2.</b>
FIG. 2.
CGM metrics as secondary outcome in type 2 DIAMOND trial. Time in range (70–180 mg/dL), time in hypoglycemia (≤70 mg/dL), and time in hyperglycemia (≥180 mg/dL). Adapted from Bergenstal et al. with permission.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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