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Review
. 2018 Mar;47(1):33-50.
doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2017.10.001.

Prediabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology and Interventions for Prevention and Risk Reduction

Ben Brannick  1 , Sam Dagogo-Jack  2
Affiliations
Review

Prediabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology and Interventions for Prevention and Risk Reduction

Ben Brannick et al. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2018 Mar.

Abstract

Prediabetes is a state characterized by impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. This review discusses the pathophysiology and macrovascular complications of prediabetes. The pathophysiologic defects underlying prediabetes include insulin resistance, alpha- and beta-cell dysfunction, increased lipolysis, inflammation, and suboptimal incretin effect. Recent studies have revealed that the long-term complications of diabetes manifest in some people with prediabetes; these complications include microvascular and macrovascular disorders. Finally, we present an overview of randomized control trials aimed at preventing progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes and discuss their implications for macrovascular risk reduction.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Impaired fasting glucose; Impaired glucose tolerance; Macrovascular; Prediabetes complications.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Recognized pathophysiological defects in type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes. From Dagogo-Jack, S. Diabetes risks from prescription and nonprescription drugs. ADA press, Alexandria VA, 2016, with permission.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Recognized macrovascular complications associated with prediabetes. Data from references–.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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