Early Life Stress and Epigenetics in Late-onset Alzheimer's Dementia: A Systematic Review
- PMID: 30386171
- PMCID: PMC6194433
- DOI: 10.2174/1389202919666171229145156
Early Life Stress and Epigenetics in Late-onset Alzheimer's Dementia: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Involvement of life stress in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD) has been evinced in longitudinal cohort epidemiological studies, and endocrinologic evidence suggests involvements of catecholamine and corticosteroid systems in LOAD. Early Life Stress (ELS) rodent models have successfully demonstrated sequelae of maternal separation resulting in LOAD-analogous pathology, thereby supporting a role of insulin receptor signalling pertaining to GSK-3beta facilitated tau hyper-phosphorylation and amyloidogenic processing. Discussed are relevant ELS studies, and findings from three mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways (JNK/SAPK pathway, ERK pathway, p38/MAPK pathway) relevant for mediating environmental stresses. Further considered were the roles of autophagy impairment, neuroinflammation, and brain insulin resistance. For the meta-analytic evaluation, 224 candidate gene loci were extracted from reviews of animal studies of LOAD pathophysiological mechanisms, of which 60 had no positive results in human LOAD association studies. These loci were combined with 89 gene loci confirmed as LOAD risk genes in previous GWAS and WES. Of the 313 risk gene loci evaluated, there were 35 human reports on epigenomic modifications in terms of methylation or histone acetylation. 64 microRNA gene regulation mechanisms were published for the compiled loci. Genomic association studies support close relations of both noradrenergic and glucocorticoid systems with LOAD. For HPA involvement, a CRHR1 haplotype with MAPT was described, but further association of only HSD11B1 with LOAD found; however, association of FKBP1 and NC3R1 polymorphisms was documented in support of stress influence to LOAD. In the brain insulin system, IGF2R, INSR, INSRR, and plasticity regulator ARC, were associated with LOAD. Pertaining to compromised myelin stability in LOAD, relevant associations were found for BIN1, RELN, SORL1, SORCS1, CNP, MAG, and MOG. Regarding epigenetic modifications, both methylation variability and de-acetylation were reported for LOAD. The majority of up-to-date epigenomic findings include reported modifications in the well-known LOAD core pathology loci MAPT, BACE1, APP (with FOS, EGR1), PSEN1, PSEN2, and highlight a central role of BDNF. Pertaining to ELS, relevant loci are FKBP5, EGR1, GSK3B; critical roles of inflammation are indicated by CRP, TNFA, NFKB1 modifications; for cholesterol biosynthesis, DHCR24; for myelin stability BIN1, SORL1, CNP; pertaining to (epi)genetic mechanisms, hTERT, MBD2, DNMT1, MTHFR2. Findings on gene regulation were accumulated for BACE1, MAPK signalling, TLR4, BDNF, insulin signalling, with most reports for miR-132 and miR-27. Unclear in epigenomic studies remains the role of noradrenergic signalling, previously demonstrated by neuropathological findings of childhood nucleus caeruleus degeneration for LOAD tauopathy.
Keywords: Acetylation; Ageing biology; Candidate genes; Catecholamines; Corticosteroids; Early life stress; Epigenetic programming; Epigenomics; Gene regulation; Insulin signalling; Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease; Methylation; MicroRNA; Mitogen activated kinases; Neuroinflammation; Pathophysiology; Stress neuropsychobiology.
Figures
Similar articles
-
Molecular mechanisms linking type 2 diabetes mellitus and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and qualitative meta-analysis.Neurobiol Dis. 2024 Jun 15;196:106485. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106485. Epub 2024 Apr 21. Neurobiol Dis. 2024. PMID: 38643861 Review.
-
Epigenomics in stress tolerance of plants under the climate change.Mol Biol Rep. 2023 Jul;50(7):6201-6216. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08539-6. Epub 2023 Jun 9. Mol Biol Rep. 2023. PMID: 37294468 Review.
-
Cell type-specific histone acetylation profiling of Alzheimer's disease subjects and integration with genetics.Front Mol Neurosci. 2023 Jan 6;15:948456. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.948456. eCollection 2022. Front Mol Neurosci. 2023. PMID: 36683855 Free PMC article.
-
Aberrant Epigenomic Modulation of Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene (NR3C1) in Early Life Stress and Major Depressive Disorder Correlation: Systematic Review and Quantitative Evidence Synthesis.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Nov 4;16(21):4280. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16214280. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019. PMID: 31689998 Free PMC article.
-
Investigating the role of rare coding variability in Mendelian dementia genes (APP, PSEN1, PSEN2, GRN, MAPT, and PRNP) in late-onset Alzheimer's disease.Neurobiol Aging. 2014 Dec;35(12):2881.e1-2881.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.06.002. Epub 2014 Jun 16. Neurobiol Aging. 2014. PMID: 25104557 Free PMC article.
Cited by
-
Dementia, Substance Misuse, and Social Determinants of Health: American Indian and Alaska Native Peoples' Prevention, Service, and Care.Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks). 2023 Jan 18;7:24705470221149479. doi: 10.1177/24705470221149479. eCollection 2023 Jan-Dec. Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks). 2023. PMID: 36699807 Free PMC article.
-
Folate Related Pathway Gene Analysis Reveals a Novel Metabolic Variant Associated with Alzheimer's Disease with a Change in Metabolic Profile.Metabolites. 2022 May 24;12(6):475. doi: 10.3390/metabo12060475. Metabolites. 2022. PMID: 35736408 Free PMC article.
-
Applying an ELSI lens to real-world data and novel genomic insights for personalized mental healthcare.Front Genet. 2024 Aug 14;15:1444084. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1444084. eCollection 2024. Front Genet. 2024. PMID: 39205938 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Longitudinal association of adverse childhood experiences with cognitive function trajectories among middle-aged and older adults: group-based trajectory modeling.Front Psychiatry. 2024 Aug 6;15:1440265. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1440265. eCollection 2024. Front Psychiatry. 2024. PMID: 39165500 Free PMC article.
-
Epigenetic alterations-The silent indicator for early aging and age-associated health-risks.Aging Med (Milton). 2022 Dec 20;5(4):287-293. doi: 10.1002/agm2.12236. eCollection 2022 Dec. Aging Med (Milton). 2022. PMID: 36606271 Free PMC article. Review.
References
-
- Reitz C., Brayne C., Mayeux R. Epidemiology of Alzheimer disease. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 2011;7(3):137–152. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrneurol.2011.2 - PMC - PubMed
-
- Kukull W.A., Higdon R., Bowen J.D., McCormick W.C., Teri L., Schellenberg G.D., van Belle G., Jolley L., Larson E.B. Dementia and Alzheimer disease incidence: A prospective cohort study. Arch. Neurol. 2002;59(11):1737–1746. - PubMed
-
- Prince M., Albanese E., Guerchet M., Prina M., Pender R., Ferri C., Mazzotti D.R., Piovezan R.D., Padilla I., Luchsinger J.A. World Alzheimer Report. 2016 http://www.alz.co.uk/WAM
-
- Huang D., Cai Z., Xiao M. Alzheimer’s disease and prenatal maternal stress. Aging Neurodegener. 2014;2(1):1–5.
Publication types
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Research Materials
Miscellaneous