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. 2022 Feb 22;11(5):631.
doi: 10.3390/foods11050631.

Nutrient-Optimized Beef Enhances Blood Levels of Vitamin D and Selenium among Young Women

Anna Haug  1 , Cees Vermeer  2 , Lene Ruud  3 , Milena Monfort-Pires  3 , Vladana Grabež  3 , Bjørg Egelandsdal  3
Affiliations

Nutrient-Optimized Beef Enhances Blood Levels of Vitamin D and Selenium among Young Women

Anna Haug et al. Foods. .

Abstract

Bovine meat provides healthy nutrients but has also been negatively linked to greenhouse gases and non-communicable diseases. A double-blind intervention study was carried out to compare beef meat from bulls fed with feed supplemented with selenium, vitamin D, E, K (SeDEK-feed), and n-3, or REGULAR feed. Thirty-four young healthy women (19-29 years old) consumed 300 g of these beef types per day for 6 days in a cross-over design. Diet registrations, blood samples, anthropometric measurements, and clinical data were collected four times. Both beef diets were higher than their habitual diet in protein, fat, saturated fat, and several micronutrients; contained more vegetables and fewer carbohydrates and were followed by a higher feeling of satiety. The SeDEK beef had higher amounts of selenium, vitamin 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), E, and K (MK4), and increased serum selenium and 25(OH)D3 from the participants' normal values if they were below 85 µg/L of selenium and 30 nmol of 25(OH)D3/L, respectively. Our study showed that optimized beef increased serum selenium in young women having moderate selenium levels and improved blood 25(OH)D3 in a woman having low to normal 25(OH)D3. Meat should be optimized to increase specific consumer groups' needs for selenium and vitamin D.

Keywords: beef meat; human intervention; selenium; vitamin D; young women.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Timeline for the experimental design of the cross-over double-blind study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The figure shows the changes in the blood Hb from habitual diet to the intake of 300 g of beef per day. The changes were allocated to three Hb groups Hb according to baseline values (<12.5 mg/100 mL, 12.5–13.5 mg/100 mL, and >13.5 mg/100 mL) where the number in the three groups were 8, 14, and 12, respectively. Mean values with standard errors are given and the p-values were obtained by one-sample Z-analysis indicating probability of obtained values being larger or lower than zero.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean values with standard errors are shown. The p-values were obtained by one-sample Z-test indicating probability of obtained values being larger or lower than zero. (A) Changes in the absolute serum values for three (<75 µg/ L, 75–85 µg/L, and >85 µg/L) different category groups of initial serum selenium. The average values in the three groups were 72 (N = 8), 80 (N = 13), and 98 (N = 13) µg/L, respectively. (B) Changes in the absolute values for three (<30 nmol/L, 30–50 nmol/L, and >50 nmol/L) different category groups of the initial 25(OH)D3 serum values. The average values in the three groups were 23 (N = 3), 40 (N = 15), and 73 (N = 16) nmol/L, respectively.
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