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. 2023 Apr;70(2):846-856.
doi: 10.1002/bab.2404. Epub 2022 Oct 17.

Nanophytosomes of hesperidin and of hesperetin: Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation

Fatemeh Omidfar  1 , Fatemeh Gheybi  2 , Javid Davoodi  3   4 , Mostafa Amirinejad  3   4 , Ali Badiee  5
Affiliations

Nanophytosomes of hesperidin and of hesperetin: Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation

Fatemeh Omidfar et al. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2023 Apr.

Abstract

Hesperidin and hesperetin are two important plant flavanones abundantly found in citrus fruit. They have discovered many biological activities to treat diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. Despite their various benefits, they have poor solubility, which reduces their bioavailability and absorption. In this study, nanophytosomes have been utilized to improve their payload's solubility and bioavailability. In the current study, hesperetin or hesperidin was complexed with Phospholipon 90G with a 2:1 or 3:1 molar ratio, respectively. The formation of associations between active compounds and phospholipid were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Dynamic light scattering data show that the prepared associations in the presence of body fluids can make nanoparticles in the range of 200-250 nm. In addition, oral administration demonstrated that Cmax of hesperidin and hesperetin was increased (up to four times) after complexation with the lipid. It is concluded that phospholipid association may be used as a suitable and straightforward strategy to improve therapeutic activities of hesperidin and hesperetin by increasing their solubility and bioavailability.

Keywords: complex; flavonoids; hesperetin; hesperidin; phosphatidylcholine; phospholipid.

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