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. 2024;39(4):361-370.
doi: 10.3233/CBM-230209.

Prognostic value and gene regulatory network of CMSS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Cheng Chen  1   1 , Caiming Wang  2   1 , Wei Liu  3   1 , Jiacheng Chen  1 , Liang Chen  1 , Xiangxiang Luo  1 , Jincai Wu  1
Affiliations

Prognostic value and gene regulatory network of CMSS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Cheng Chen et al. Cancer Biomark. 2024.

Abstract

Background: Cms1 ribosomal small subunit homolog (CMSS1) is an RNA-binding protein that may play an important role in tumorigenesis and development.

Objective: RNA-seq data from the GEPIA database and the UALCAN database were used to analyze the expression of CMSS1 in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and its relationship with the clinicopathological features of the patients.

Methods: LinkedOmics was used to identify genes associated with CMSS1 expression and to identify miRNAs and transcription factors significantly associated with CMSS1 by GSEA.

Results: The expression level of CMSS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. In addition, the expression level of CMSS1 in advanced tumors was significantly higher than that in early tumors. The expression level of CMSS1 was higher in TP53-mutated tumors than in non-TP53-mutated tumors. CMSS1 expression levels were strongly correlated with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with LIHC, and high CMSS1 expression predicted poorer OS (P< 0.01) and DFS (P< 0.01). Meanwhile, our results suggested that CMSS1 is associated with the composition of the immune microenvironment of LIHC.

Conclusions: The present study suggests that CMSS1 is a potential molecular marker for the diagnosis and prognostic of LIHC.

Keywords: . bioinformatics; CMSS1; diagnosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; prognosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declared that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The expression level of CMSS1 in LIHC and its influence on prognosis. (a) Box plot showing CMSS1 mRNA levels in LIHC and normal tissue. (b) Violin diagram showed the expression of CMSS1 in different stages of LIHC. (c) Disease-free survival curve based on CMSS1 high and low expression grouping. (d) Overall Survival Curve Based on CMSS1 High and Low Expression Grouping.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Correlation of CMSS1 transcript levels with clinicopathological features in patients with LIHC. (a) The Box-plot showed the relative expression of CMSS1 in normal and LIHC tissues. (b) The Box-plot showed the expression of CMSS1 in LIHC patients of different genders. (c) The Box-plot showed the relative expression of CMSS1 in normal or LIHC tissues with different TP53 mutation status. (d) The Box-plot showed the expression of CMSS1 in different stages of LIHC. (e) The Box-plot showed the relative expression of CMSS1 in LIHC tissues of different histological grades. Data are mean ± SE. *, P< 0.05; **, P< 0.01; ***, P< 0.001.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Differentially expressed genes related to CMSS1 in LIHC (C3orf26 is the alias of CMSS1 gene). (a) Pearson test to analyze the genes associated with CMSS1 expression in LIHC (b, c) Heat maps shows the genes positively and negatively associated with CMSS1 in LIHC (top 50). Red indicates positively correlated genes and green indicates negatively correlated genes. (d)The mRNA expression of CMSS1 in HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal liver tissues.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis of CMSS1 expression related genes in LIHC. (a) Biological processes; (b) Cellular components; (c) Molecular function; (d) KEGG pathway analysis.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Correlation of CMSS1 with six major types of infiltrating immune cells in LIHC.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Immunohistochemistry suggested that the expression of CMSS1 was higher in LIHC tissues than in normal tissues.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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