Dietary Intake and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Results in Women with Gestational Diabetes

doi:10.3390/jcm13102948

. 2024 May 16;13(10):2948.

doi: 10.3390/jcm13102948.

Dietary Intake and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Results in Women with Gestational Diabetes

Lucas Almeida das Chagas¹, Maria Regina Torloni^{1

2}, Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro Silva-Neto³, Patricia Medici Dualib⁴, Rosângela Maria Lopes de Sousa⁵, Jalila Andréa Sampaio Bittencourt⁶, Edward Araujo Júnior¹, Roberta Granese⁷, Rosiane Mattar¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil.
² Evidence Based Health Care, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-900, SP, Brazil.
³ Department of Nutrition, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil.
⁴ Discipline of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04038-001, SP, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Nutrition, CEUMA University, São Luiz 65075-120, MA, Brazil.
⁶ Laboratory of Biological Information Processing, Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luiz 65080-805, MA, Brazil.
⁷ Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, "G. Martino" University Hospital, 98100 Messina, Italy.

PMID: 38792489
PMCID: PMC11122252
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102948

Dietary Intake and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Results in Women with Gestational Diabetes

Lucas Almeida das Chagas et al. J Clin Med. 2024.

. 2024 May 16;13(10):2948.

doi: 10.3390/jcm13102948.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil.
² Evidence Based Health Care, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-900, SP, Brazil.
³ Department of Nutrition, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil.
⁴ Discipline of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04038-001, SP, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Nutrition, CEUMA University, São Luiz 65075-120, MA, Brazil.
⁶ Laboratory of Biological Information Processing, Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luiz 65080-805, MA, Brazil.
⁷ Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, "G. Martino" University Hospital, 98100 Messina, Italy.

PMID: 38792489
PMCID: PMC11122252
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102948

Abstract

Background/Objective: Diet is a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). There are few studies on women's diet and glucose tolerance test (GTT) results during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between one's previous diet and the number of abnormal values on the diagnostic GTT in women with GDM. We hypothesized that there would be an inverse relation between antioxidant micronutrient consumption and the number of abnormal GTT values. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 60 women diagnosed with GDM (2-h, 75 g-GTT), divided in two groups as follows: 1 abnormal glucose value and 2-3 abnormal values. Shortly after the diagnosis, participants answered a validated food frequency questionnaire to assess their food consumption in the last 6 months. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the dietary intake of the participants in the two groups. Results: The participant characteristics were similar. The median intake of total calories, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins did not differ significantly between groups. Participants with 1 abnormal GTT value had significantly higher intakes of fiber (11.9 vs. 11.0 g/day p = 0.049), vitamin D (40.6 vs. 40.4 mcg/day p = 0.049), and vitamin C (180.0 vs. 151.0 mg/day p = 0.008) than those with 2-3 abnormal values. Conclusions: Our results suggest a possible association between the consumption of fiber and antioxidant micronutrients and the number of abnormal GTT values.

Keywords: diet; gestational diabetes mellitus; glucose tolerance test.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

1. World Health Organization Diagnostic Criteria and Classification of Hyperglycaemia First Detected in Pregnancy: A World Health Organization Guideline. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2014;103:341–363. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.10.012. - DOI - PubMed
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1. Guariguata L., Linnenkamp U., Beagley J., Whiting D.R., Cho N.H. Global Estimates of the Prevalence of Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2014;103:176–185. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.003. - DOI - PubMed
1. Trujillo J., Vigo A., Duncan B.B., Falavigna M., Wendland E.M., Campos M.A., Schmidt M.I. Impact of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Criteria for Gestational Diabetes. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2015;108:288–295. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2015.02.007. - DOI - PubMed

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[1] World Health Organization Diagnostic Criteria and Classification of Hyperglycaemia First Detected in Pregnancy: A World Health Organization Guideline. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2014;103:341–363. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.10.012. - DOI - PubMed

[2] World Health Organization Diagnostic Criteria and Classification of Hyperglycaemia First Detected in Pregnancy: A World Health Organization Guideline. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2014;103:341–363. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.10.012. - DOI - PubMed

[3] Sweeting A., Wong J., Murphy H.R., Ross G.P. A Clinical Update on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Endocr. Rev. 2022;43:763–793. doi: 10.1210/endrev/bnac003. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Sweeting A., Wong J., Murphy H.R., Ross G.P. A Clinical Update on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Endocr. Rev. 2022;43:763–793. doi: 10.1210/endrev/bnac003. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Magliano D.J., Boyko E.J., IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition Scientific Committee . IDF Diabetes Atlas. 10th ed. International Diabetes Federation; Brussels, Belgium: 2021.

[6] Magliano D.J., Boyko E.J., IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition Scientific Committee . IDF Diabetes Atlas. 10th ed. International Diabetes Federation; Brussels, Belgium: 2021.

[7] Guariguata L., Linnenkamp U., Beagley J., Whiting D.R., Cho N.H. Global Estimates of the Prevalence of Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2014;103:176–185. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.003. - DOI - PubMed

[8] Guariguata L., Linnenkamp U., Beagley J., Whiting D.R., Cho N.H. Global Estimates of the Prevalence of Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2014;103:176–185. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.003. - DOI - PubMed

[9] Trujillo J., Vigo A., Duncan B.B., Falavigna M., Wendland E.M., Campos M.A., Schmidt M.I. Impact of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Criteria for Gestational Diabetes. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2015;108:288–295. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2015.02.007. - DOI - PubMed

[10] Trujillo J., Vigo A., Duncan B.B., Falavigna M., Wendland E.M., Campos M.A., Schmidt M.I. Impact of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Criteria for Gestational Diabetes. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2015;108:288–295. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2015.02.007. - DOI - PubMed

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Dietary Intake and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Results in Women with Gestational Diabetes

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Dietary Intake and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Results in Women with Gestational Diabetes

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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References

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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