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. 2024 May 28:12:e17440.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.17440. eCollection 2024.

Linking patient-reported oral and general health-related quality of life

Danna R Paulson  1 , Phonsuda Chanthavisouk  1 , Mike T John  2   3 , Leah Feuerstahler  4 , Xing Chen  4 , Aparna Ingleshwar  2
Affiliations

Linking patient-reported oral and general health-related quality of life

Danna R Paulson et al. PeerJ. .

Abstract

Background: The relationship between oral and overall health is of interest to health care professionals and patients alike. This study investigated the correlation between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a general adult population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used a convenience sample of adult participants (N = 607) attending the 2022 Minnesota County and State fairs in USA, the 5-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5) assessed OHRQoL, and the 10-item PROMIS v.1.2 Global Health Instrument assessed HRQoL. Spearman and Pearson correlations were used to summarize the bivariable relationship between OHRQoL and HRQoL (both physical and mental health dimensions). A structural equation model determined OHRQoL-HRQoL correlations (r). Correlations' magnitude was interpreted according to Cohen's guidelines (r = 0.10, 0.30, and 0.50 to demarcate "small," "medium," and "large" effects, respectively).

Results: OHRQoL and HRQoL correlated with r = 0.52 (95% confidence interval, CI: [0.50-0.55]), indicating that the two constructs shared 27% of their information. According to Cohen, this was a "large" effect. OHRQoL, and the physical and mental HRQoL dimensions correlated with r = 0.55 (95% CI: [0.50-0.59]) and r = 0.43 (95% CI: [0.40-0.46]), respectively, indicating a "large" and a "medium" effect. OHRQoL and HRQoL were substantially correlated in an adult population.

Conclusion: Using OHIP-5 to assess their dental patients' oral health impact allows dental professionals to gain insights into patients' overall health-related wellbeing.

Keywords: Association; Correlation; Health-related quality of life; OHIP-5; Oral health impact profile; Oral health-related quality of life; PROMIS; Questionnaire.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Models 1 & 2 path diagram to estimate the relationship between HRQoL and OHRQoL.
The dashed paths were only included in the sensitivity model (Model 2).
Figure 2
Figure 2. Models 3 & 4 path diagram to estimate the relationship between HRQoL and OHRQoL.
The dashed paths were only included in the sensitivity model (Model 4).
Figure 3
Figure 3. Functional relationship between mental health and OHIP sum scores as well as between physical health and OHIP sum scores characterized by a flexible dashed line and a solid straight line.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Grants and funding

This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health’s National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, grant UL1TR002494. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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