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Review
. 2024 Jun 9;13(2):91478.
doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91478.

Assessing the impact of concurrent high-fructose and high-saturated fat diets on pediatric metabolic syndrome: A review

Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas  1 , Marcela González-Montoya  1 , Olin Torres-Isidro  1 , Claudia Isabel García-Berumen  1 , Omar Ortiz-Avila  2 , Elizabeth Calderón-Cortés  2 , Christian Cortés-Rojo  3
Affiliations
Review

Assessing the impact of concurrent high-fructose and high-saturated fat diets on pediatric metabolic syndrome: A review

Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas et al. World J Clin Pediatr. .

Abstract

High-saturated fat (HF) or high-fructose (HFr) consumption in children predispose them to metabolic syndrome (MetS). In rodent models of MetS, diets containing individually HF or HFr lead to a variable degree of MetS. Nevertheless, simultaneous intake of HF plus HFr have synergistic effects, worsening MetS outcomes. In children, the effects of HF or HFr intake usually have been addressed individually. Therefore, we have reviewed the outcomes of HF or HFr diets in children, and we compare them with the effects reported in rodents. In humans, HFr intake causes increased lipogenesis, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity and insulin resistance. On the other hand, HF diets promote low grade-inflammation, obesity, insulin resistance. Despite the deleterious effects of simultaneous HF plus HFr intake on MetS development in rodents, there is little information about the combined effects of HF plus HFr intake in children. The aim of this review is to warn about this issue, as individually addressing the effects produced by HF or HFr may underestimate the severity of the outcomes of Western diet intake in the pediatric population. We consider that this is an alarming issue that needs to be assessed, as the simultaneous intake of HF plus HFr is common on fast food menus.

Keywords: Children; Dyslipidemia; Fructose; Insulin resistance; Metabolic syndrome; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Obesity; Saturated fat; Type 2 diabetes; Ultra processed foods.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: Dr. Cortés-Rojo has nothing to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comorbidities related to metabolic syndrome and their complications. T2DM: Type 2 diabetes; CVD: Cardiovascular disease.
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