Dietary Inflammatory Index and Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Iran

doi:10.34172/jrhs.2024.159

Multicenter Study

. 2024 Aug 1;24(3):e00624.

doi: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.159. Epub 2024 Jul 31.

Dietary Inflammatory Index and Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Iran

Saba Narmcheshm^{1

2}, Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi^{2

3}, Bahareh Sasanfar^{2

4

5}, Hamideh Rashidian², Maryam Hadji^{2

6}, Elham Mohebbi⁷, Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami^{8

9}, Paolo Boffetta^{3

10

11}, Fatemeh Toorang^{2

3}, Kazem Zendehdel^{2

3

12}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
² Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
³ Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
⁴ Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
⁵ Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
⁶ Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
⁷ School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
⁸ Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
⁹ Health Foresight and Innovation Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
¹⁰ Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
¹¹ Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
¹² Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

PMID: 39311107
PMCID: PMC11380737
DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.159

Multicenter Study

Dietary Inflammatory Index and Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Iran

Saba Narmcheshm et al. J Res Health Sci. 2024.

. 2024 Aug 1;24(3):e00624.

doi: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.159. Epub 2024 Jul 31.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
² Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
³ Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
⁴ Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
⁵ Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
⁶ Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
⁷ School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
⁸ Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
⁹ Health Foresight and Innovation Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
¹⁰ Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
¹¹ Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
¹² Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

PMID: 39311107
PMCID: PMC11380737
DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.159

Abstract

Background: The inflammatory potential of diet may affect carcinogenesis. This study aimed to determine the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC), as well as the interaction between DII and cigarette smoking in HNC development within the Iranian population. Study Design: This is a case-control study.

Methods: In this multicenter case-control study, participants' dietary intake was assessed using a validated 130-item food frequency questionnaire, from which DII was computed. The study recruited 876 new cases from referral hospitals across 10 provinces and 3409 healthy controls who were frequency-matched based on age, gender, and residential place. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) for HNC across tertiles of DII, which were adjusted for confounding variables.

Results: A higher pro-inflammatory diet was associated with an increased risk of all HNC (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 1.31 [1.06, 1.62]; P-trend=0.013). There was a significant association between lip and oral cavity cancers and DII (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 1.56 [1.16, 1.66]; P-trend=0.004). Furthermore, an inflammatory diet was associated with an increased risk of pharynx cancer (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 2.08 [1.14, 3.79]; P-trend=0.02). Additionally, no significant association was observed between DII and larynx cancer, while an interaction was found between DII and tobacco use on the risk of HNC (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 2.52 [1.78, 3.57]; P-interaction=0.03).

Conclusion: DII was positively associated with HNC risk. There was a significant association between DII and the risk of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers. Additionally, there was an interaction between tobacco use and DII in determining the risk of HNC.

Keywords: Case-control studies; Diet; Dietary inflammatory index; Head and neck neoplasms.

© 2024 The Author(s); Published by Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no potential conflict of interests.

References

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[1] Fitzmaurice C, Abate D, Abbasi N, Abbastabar H, Abd-Allah F, Abdel-Rahman O, et al. Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years for 29 cancer groups, 1990 to 2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study. JAMA Oncol. 2019;5(12):1749–68. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.2996. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Fitzmaurice C, Abate D, Abbasi N, Abbastabar H, Abd-Allah F, Abdel-Rahman O, et al. Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years for 29 cancer groups, 1990 to 2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study. JAMA Oncol. 2019;5(12):1749–68. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.2996. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Mirzaei M, Hosseini SA, Ghoncheh M, Soheilipour F, Soltani S, Soheilipour F, et al. Epidemiology and trend of head and neck cancers in Iran. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;8(1):189–93. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n1p189. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Mirzaei M, Hosseini SA, Ghoncheh M, Soheilipour F, Soltani S, Soheilipour F, et al. Epidemiology and trend of head and neck cancers in Iran. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;8(1):189–93. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n1p189. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Joshi P, Dutta S, Chaturvedi P, Nair S. Head and neck cancers in developing countries. Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2014;5(2):e0009. doi: 10.5041/rmmj.10143. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Joshi P, Dutta S, Chaturvedi P, Nair S. Head and neck cancers in developing countries. Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2014;5(2):e0009. doi: 10.5041/rmmj.10143. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Aupérin A. Epidemiology of head and neck cancers: an update. Curr Opin Oncol. 2020;32(3):178–86. doi: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000629. - DOI - PubMed

[8] Aupérin A. Epidemiology of head and neck cancers: an update. Curr Opin Oncol. 2020;32(3):178–86. doi: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000629. - DOI - PubMed

[9] Clinton SK, Giovannucci EL, Hursting SD. The World Cancer Research Fund/American institute for cancer research third expert report on diet, nutrition, physical activity, and cancer: impact and future directions. J Nutr. 2020;150(4):663–71. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz268. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Clinton SK, Giovannucci EL, Hursting SD. The World Cancer Research Fund/American institute for cancer research third expert report on diet, nutrition, physical activity, and cancer: impact and future directions. J Nutr. 2020;150(4):663–71. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz268. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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Dietary Inflammatory Index and Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Iran

Affiliations

Dietary Inflammatory Index and Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Iran

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Conflict of interest statement

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