Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan, offeecially the Republic o Uzbekistan (Uzbek:O‘zbekiston Respublikasi or Ўзбекистон Республикаси) is ane o the sax independent Turkic states. It is a doubly landlocked kintra in Central Asie, Umwhilie pairt o the Soviet Union. It shares borders wi Kazakhstan tae the wast an tae the north, Kyrgyzstan an Tajikistan tae the east, an Afghanistan an Turkmenistan tae the sooth.

Republic o Uzbekistan Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Ўзбекистон Республикаси Oʻzbekiston Jumhuriyati Ўзбекистон Жумҳурияти
Banner Emblem
Anthem:  O'zbekiston Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi
Caipital and largest city	Tashkent 41°16′N 69°13′E
Offeecial leids	Uzbek
Recognised regional leids	Karakalpak
Ethnic groups (1996)	81.1% Uzbek 5.4% Roushie 4.0% Tajik 3.0% Kazakh 2.5% Karakalpak 1.5% Tatar 2.5% ithers
Demonym(s)	Uzbek
Govrenment	Unitary presidential republic
• Preses	Shavkat Mirziyoyev
• Prime Meenister	Abdulla Aripov
Legislatur	Supreme Assembly
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Legislative Chamber
Unthirldom frae the Soviet Union
• Formation	1747
• Uzbek SSR	27 October 1924
• Declared	1 September 1991
• Recognized	8 December 1991
• Completit	25 December 1991
Aurie
• Total	448,978 km2 (173,351 sq mi) (56t)
• Water (%)	4.9
Population
• 2013 estimate	30,183,400 (41st)
• Density	61.4/km2 (159.0/sq mi) (136t)
GDP (PPP)	2014 estimate
• Total	$123.577 billion
• Per capita	$4,037
GDP (nominal)	2014 estimate
• Tot	$61.720 billion
• Per capita	$2,016
Gini (2003)	36.8 medium · 95t
HDI (2013)	0.654 medium · 114nt
Currency	Uzbekistan som (O'zbekiston so'mi) (UZS)
Time zone	UTC+5 (UZT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+5 (nae observed)
Drivin side	richt
Cawin code	+998
ISO 3166 code	UZ
Internet TLD	.uz
Offeecial Uzbek statistics.[citation needit] As the Emirate o Bukhara, Kokand Khanate, an Khwarezm.

Ance pairt o the Persie Samanid an later Timurid empires, the region wis conquered in the early 16t century bi Uzbek nomads, who spoke an Eastren Turkic leid. Maist o Uzbekistan’s population the day belang tae the Uzbek ethnic group an speak the Uzbek leid, ane o the faimily o Turkic leids.

Uzbekistan wis incorporatit intae the Roushie Empire in the 19t century an in 1924 became a constituent republic o the Soviet Union, kent as the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (Uzbek SSR). It haes been an independent republic syne December 1991.

Uzbekistan's economy relies mainly on commodity production, includin cotton, gold, uranium, potassium, an natural gas. Despite the declared objective o transition tae a market economy, Uzbekistan continues tae maintain rigid economic controls, which aften repel foreign investors. The policy o gradual, strictly controlled transition haes nivertheless produced beneficial results in the form o economic recovery efter 1995. Uzbekistan's domestic policies on human richts an individual freedoms are aften criticised bi internaitional organisations. In Uzbekistan aboot 45% o the population live on less nor US$1.25 per day.

Provinces an district

Uzbekistan is dividit intae twal provinces (viloyatlar, singular viloyat, compund noun viloyati e.g., Toshkent viloyati, Samarqand viloyati, etc.), ane autonomous republic (respublika, compund noun respublikasi e.g. Qaraqalpaqstan Avtonom Respublikasi, Karakalpakistan Autonomous Republic, etc.), an ane independent ceety (shahar. compund noun shahri, e.g., Toshkent shahri).