Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder
Synonyms	Bipolar affective disorder, bipolar illness, manic depression, manic depressive disorder, manic-depressive illness, manic-depressive psychosis, circular insanity, bipolar disease
	Bipolar disorder is chairacterised bi episodes o depression an mania.
Specialty	Psychiatry
Symptoms	Periods o depression an elevatit muid
Complications	Suicide, sel-hairm
Uisual onset	25 year auld
Teeps	Bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, ithers
Causes	Environmental an genetic
Risk factors	Faimily history, childhood abuse, lang-term stress
Seemilar condeetions	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, personality disorders, schizophrenia, substance uise disorder
Treatment	Psychotherapy, medications
Medication	Lithium, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants
Frequency	1-3%
	[edit on Wikidata]

Bipolar disorder, previously kent as manic depression, is a mental disorder that causes periods o depression an periods o elevatit muid.^[3]^[4]

References

↑ ^a ^b Edward Shorter (2005). A Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 165–166. ISBN 978-0-19-517668-1.
↑ Coyle, Nessa; Paice, Judith A. (2015). Oxford Textbook of Palliative Nursing (in Inglis). Oxford University Press, Incorporated. p. 623. ISBN 9780199332342. Archived frae the original on September 8, 2017. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Anderson IM, Haddad PM, Scott J (27 December 2012). "Bipolar disorder". BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 345: e8508. doi:10.1136/bmj.e8508. PMID 23271744.
↑ ^a ^b ^c American Psychiatry Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 123–154. ISBN 0-89042-555-8.
↑ Schmitt A, Malchow B, Hasan A, Falkai P (Februar 2014). "The impact of environmental factors in severe psychiatric disorders". Front Neurosci. 8 (19). doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00019. PMC 3920481. PMID 24574956.

[Shorter2005-1] Edward Shorter (2005). A Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 165–166. ISBN 978-0-19-517668-1.

[2] Coyle, Nessa; Paice, Judith A. (2015). Oxford Textbook of Palliative Nursing (in Inglis). Oxford University Press, Incorporated. p. 623. ISBN 9780199332342. Archived frae the original on September 8, 2017. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)

[BMJ2012-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Anderson IM, Haddad PM, Scott J (27 December 2012). "Bipolar disorder". BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 345: e8508. doi:10.1136/bmj.e8508. PMID 23271744.

[DSM5-4] American Psychiatry Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 123–154. ISBN 0-89042-555-8.

[Schmitt2014-5] Schmitt A, Malchow B, Hasan A, Falkai P (Februar 2014). "The impact of environmental factors in severe psychiatric disorders". Front Neurosci. 8 (19). doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00019. PMC 3920481. PMID 24574956.

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