Nouakchott
Nouakchott (Arabic: نواكشوط or انواكشوط (believed translation frae Berber "The place o the winds", Nawākšūṭ)) is the caipital an bi far the lairgest ceety o Mauritanie. It is ane o the lairgest ceeties in the Sahara. The ceety is the administrative an economic centre o Mauritanie.
Nouakchott نواكشوط | |
|---|---|
 The Grand Mosque in Nouakchott | |
  Nouakchott Map o Mauritanie showin Nouakchott | |
| Coordinates: 18°6′N 15°57′W / 18.100°N 15.950°W | |
| Country |  Mauritanie |
| Caipital destrict | Nouakchott |
| Govrenment | |
| • Mayor | Ahmed Hamza (2007-) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1000 km2 (400 sq mi) |
| Population (1999) | |
| • Total | 881,000 |
| • Density | 881/km2 (2,280/sq mi) |
History
eeditA tiny fishin toun till 1958, Nouakchott wis mentioned little durin pre-colonial an colonial history. It is possible that the Berber Muslim Almoravids wur oreeginally frae the aurie. Despite its name, based on a Berber expression meanin "place o the winds",[1] the ceety wis selectit as the caipital ceety for its moderate climate an central location athin the kintra.[2] It did, however, sit on ane o the maist valuable trade routes tae West Africa.[1]
Mauritania wis pairt o the lairger French colony o French Wast Africae, an as such haed nae caipital durin the colonial period: Saint-Louis, in Senegal, held that position. In 1957, this small port toun wis chosen tae be the caipital o the new kintra, an an ambitious biggin program wis begun tae increase its population tae 15,000, stairtin a year later.[3] In 1958, Mauritania wis formed as an autonomous republic in the French Community, an in 1960 it became an independent kintra, wi Nouakchott as its caipital.
Since independence
eeditThe ceety wis attacked in 1976 bi the Polisario Front, as pairt o the Wastren Sahara unthirldom movement.[4] Atween 1988 an 1989, racial tensions atween Arabs an blacks escalatit. Thare wis discrimination an retaliation bi Arabs an blacks.[5] The wur an aa three days o "bread riots" stairtin Januar 21, 1995.[5]
The ceety haes haed rapid growth, driven bi the north African drocht syne the beginnin o the 1970s: mony hae moved tae the ceety in search o a better life.[1] The population is estimatit tae hae been juist unner 1,000,000 in 2000, an tae hae grown tae abuin 2,000,000 as o 2008.[6]
Thare is currently a lairge amount o Cheenese investment in Mauritanie, focused on the ceety.[1]
Climate
eeditNouakchott featurs a het desert climate (Köppen: BWh) wit lang het simmers an short wairm winters. Acause o its location, temperaturs are het for maist o the year. However, Nouakchott possesses a mild temperature range compared tae ither ceeties in this climate. While average heich temperatures are relatively constant at aroond 32 °C (89.6 °F), average law temperaturs can range frae 24 °C (75.2 °F) durin the simmer months tae 13 °C (55.4 °F) durin the "winter" months. Average law temperatures can be as law as 10 °C (50.0 °F) durin winter months in Nouakchott. Average rainfaw in the ceety is 159 millimetre (6.3 in) a year. The bulk o the precipitation typically faws within August, the ane month that fairms the ceety’s very brief wet saison.
| Climate data for Nouakchott | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record heich °C (°F) | 36 (97) |
39 (102) |
41 (106) |
43 (109) |
46 (115) |
46 (115) |
43 (109) |
42 (108) |
44 (111) |
43 (109) |
42 (108) |
37 (99) |
46 (115) |
| Average heich °C (°F) | 29 (84) |
31 (88) |
32 (90) |
32 (90) |
34 (93) |
33 (91) |
32 (90) |
32 (90) |
34 (93) |
33 (91) |
32 (90) |
28 (82) |
34 (93) |
| Average law °C (°F) | 14 (57) |
15 (59) |
17 (63) |
18 (64) |
21 (70) |
23 (73) |
23 (73) |
24 (75) |
24 (75) |
22 (72) |
18 (64) |
13 (55) |
19 (66) |
| Record law °C (°F) | 7 (45) |
9 (48) |
11 (52) |
12 (54) |
14 (57) |
18 (64) |
21 (70) |
20 (68) |
22 (72) |
17 (63) |
13 (55) |
7 (45) |
7 (45) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0 (0) |
3 (0.1) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
3 (0.1) |
13 (0.5) |
104 (4.1) |
23 (0.9) |
10 (0.4) |
3 (0.1) |
0 (0) |
159 (6.3) |
| Source: BBC Wather [7] | |||||||||||||
Internaitional relations
eeditTwin touns - Sister ceeties
eeditNouakchott is twinned wi:
References
eedit- ↑ a b c d "Mauritania". OTAL. Retrieved 8 Julie 2009.
- ↑ Cities of the World, Vol. 1, p331; Brian Rajewski, ed., for Eastword Publications Development Inc., Cleveland, Ohio; Gale Research, Detroit, 1999. ISBN 0-8103-7692-X.
- ↑ Nouakchott Archived 2020-03-12 at the Wayback Machine. Questia. Accessed 25 August 2009.
- ↑ Nouakchott Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine. LookLex. Accessed 25 August 2009.
- ↑ a b Mauritania:History Archived 2009-03-03 at the Wayback Machine. LookLex. Accessed 25 August 2009.
- ↑ Nouakchott Travel Guide Archived 2017-06-19 at the Wayback Machine. World66. Accessed 25 August 2009.
- ↑ "Average Conditions Nouakchott, Mauritania". BBC Weather. Archived frae the original on 12 August 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2009.
- ↑ Madrid city council webpage "Mapa Mundi de las ciudades hermanadas" Check
|url=value (help). Ayuntamiento de Madrid. - ↑ Gansu Province Website-International Exchanges-Sister Cities[deid airtin]. Accessed 25 August 2009.
- ↑ Amman’s Relations with Other Cities. Municipality of Greater Annam. Accessed 25 August 2009.
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