Wikipedia

Fred Rogers

American television personality (1928–2003)

"Mister Rogers" redirects here. For the television show, see Mister Rogers' Neighborhood.

Fred McFeely Rogers (March 20, 1928 – February 27, 2003) was an American television personality, musician, puppeteer, writer, producer, and Presbyterian minister. He was the creator, producer, head writer, and host of the children's television show Mister Rogers' Neighborhood from 1968 until he left in 2001. He also wrote the music for the show.[2]

The Reverend

Fred Rogers
Rogers in a publicity photo for Mister Rogers' Neighborhood in the 1980's
Born
Fred McFeely Rogers

(1928-03-20)March 20, 1928
Latrobe, Pennsylvania, U.S.
DiedFebruary 27, 2003(2003-02-27) (aged 74)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Resting placeUnity Cemetery, Latrobe, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Other namesMister Rogers
Alma materDartmouth College (Transferred)
Rollins College (BM)
Pittsburgh Theological Seminary (BD)
Occupation(s)Children's television presenter, actor, puppeteer, singer, composer, television producer, author, educator, Presbyterian minister
Years active1951–2001
Political partyRepublican[1]
Spouse
Joanne Byrd
​
(m. 2009)​
Children2
AwardsPresidential Medal of Freedom (2002)
Signature

In the 1950's, Rogers was not happy with the television shows that children were watching. He began to write and perform shows for children near the city of Pittsburgh. In 1968, a television company called Eastern Educational Television Network began distributing Rogers's new show, Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, across the United States on the TV channel WQED. For thirty years, Rogers was a television icon of children's entertainment and education.[3] Rogers supported many public causes. In the Betamax case, the U.S. Supreme Court used what Rogers said before a lower court to support fair use television recording. Rogers also spoke before a U.S. Senate committee to support government money for children's television.

In August 2001, Rogers retired from recording Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. In October 2002, doctors told him he had stomach cancer. He died from the disease a few months later on February 27, 2003. He was 74 years old.

President George W. Bush honored Rogers with the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Rogers was also given forty honorary degrees and a Peabody Award. He was added to the Television Hall of Fame. He was number 35 on the TV Guide's Fifty Greatest TV Stars of All Time.[4] The Smithsonian Institution has one of his sweaters as a "Treasure of American History". Rogers inspired many creators of children's television shows. His shows helped people understand sad and tragic events, even after he died.

Early life

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Rogers was born in Latrobe, Pennsylvania to James Rogers and Nancy McFeely.[5] His father was a businessman.[5] His mother came from a rich Pittsburgh family and also was a hospital volunteer during and after World War II.[6] His grandfather from his mother's side, Fred McFeely, was the president of McFeely Brick, one of Latrobe's largest businesses.[7] Rogers grew up in a large brick house at 737 Weldon Street in Latrobe.[6][8]

 
Rogers with his wife Joanne in 1975

He had an adopted sister named Elaine.[5] Rogers spent much of his free time with his grandfather McFeely, who loved music.[9] Rogers began to play the piano when he was five and sang with his mother.[9]

When growing up, Rogers was shy and overweight.[5] He stayed home from school many times because of his asthma.[5] Rogers had a hard time making friends. He was bullied many times as a little boy for his weight. He was often called "Fat Freddy".[10]

During his high school years in Latrobe, Rogers became more confident and popular.[5] Rogers was president of the student council, a member of the National Honor Society and was editor-in-chief of the yearbook.[5][11] He graduated in 1946.[11] He studied at Dartmouth College from 1946 until 1948[12] and then went on at Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida to earn a BA in music composition in 1951.[13]

While studying at Rollins, Rogers met Sara Joanne Byrd who was from Oakland, Florida.[14] They were married on June 9, 1952.[15] They had two sons: James, in 1959, and John, in 1961.[16] Joanne Rogers died in January 2021, aged 92.[17]

Rogers graduated from Pittsburgh Theological Seminary and became a minister of the United Presbyterian Church in 1963.[18] Rogers returned to Pittsburgh in the 1960s.[19]

Television career

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Early career

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Rogers during his high school years in 1946

Rogers entered seminary after college but wanted to work with television.[20] In an interview with CNN, Rogers said he started working in television because he "hated it," but wanted to make it better. He wanted to use TV to help people and teach them about important things.[21] He applied for a job at NBC in New York City in 1951.[22] He worked as an assistant producer. Later, he worked as a network floor director on musical programs such as Your Hit Parade, The Kate Smith Hour, and The Voice of Firestone.[22][23] He also worked on Gabby Hayes's children's show.[24]

Rogers left NBC because he did not approve of the agency using children for advertisement.[25] He began working as a puppeteer on the local children's show The Children's Corner for Pittsburgh public television station WQED in 1954.[25] The show won a Sylvania Award[26] for best children's show and was broadcast nationally on NBC.[27]

Rogers studied theology at the nearby Pittsburgh Theological Seminary during his lunch breaks.[28] However, he did not want to go into preaching and was told to continue making children's television after he became a minister.[28] He worked with the University of Pittsburgh's child development and care program.[29]

In 1963, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) hired Rogers to create the 15-minute children's program Misterogers.[30][31] Rogers moved to Toronto[32] and the series ran for three seasons.[33] Three years later, Rogers moved back to the United States.[34]

In 1966, Rogers got the rights to his program from the CBC and moved the show to WQED in Pittsburgh, where he had worked on The Children's Corner.[35][36]

Mister Rogers' Neighborhood

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See the main article: Mister Rogers' Neighborhood
 
Rogers and X the Owl on a magazine cover, 1969
 
François Clemmons and Fred Rogers sharing a kiddie pool

Mister Rogers' Neighborhood began in 1968. The show had 895 episodes.[37] It was shown on National Educational Television, which later became The Public Broadcasting Service.[38] By 1985, eight percent of people living in the United States watched the show.[9] The last shows were made in December 2000 and started to be shown on television in August 2001.[39]

The program always started with Rogers coming home, singing his theme song "Won't You Be My Neighbor?".[40] He would then change into sneakers and a zippered cardigan sweater.[40] The sweaters were all made by his mother.[40] In his show, Rogers would always go on trips, teach new things and show short movies on "Picture, Picture".[41][42] Each show included a trip to Rogers's "Neighborhood of Make-Believe" with a trolley, a castle, and the people who lived in the neighborhood, including King Friday XIII.[43]

Rogers always fed his aquarium fish during the show.[44] He would always tell his audience that he was feeding them. This was because he got a letter from a young blind girl who wanted to know each time he did this.[44][45] The program would end with Rogers singing "It's Such a Good Feeling".[46] Rogers believed in acting normally, not differently when he was being filmed.[47] He said that "One of the greatest gifts you can give anybody is the gift of your honest self."[47] Rogers wrote almost all of the music on the program.[48] He wanted to teach children to love themselves and others, and he talked about common childhood fears with comforting songs.[48] He once took a trip to a children's hospital to show children that a hospital is not a place to fear.[49]

Rogers talked about social issues on his program, such as the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy, racism and divorce.[50] In one famous episode, Rogers put his feet in water with Officer Clemmons (François Clemmons), who was African-American, in a kiddie pool on a hot day.[51] The scene was a message of inclusion when racial segregation in the United States was common.[51]

 
Rogers while recording an episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, 1981

Rogers also had children with disabilities on his show.[52] In 1981, Rogers met a young quadriplegic boy named Jeff Erlanger. Erlanger showed Rogers how his electric wheelchair worked and explained why he needed it.[53] Erlanger and Rogers both sang the song "It's You I Like".[53] Before being on the show, Erlanger was a fan of the program. His parents wrote a letter to Rogers asking if they could meet.[52][54]

Rogers ended each program by telling his viewers,

"You've made this day a special day, by just your being you. There's no person in the whole world like you; and I like you just the way you are"[55]

Rogers never talked about his religious beliefs on the show because he did not want any viewer to feel ignored from the show.[56] During the Gulf War, he told his audience that all children in the neighborhood would be well cared for.[57] Rogers asked parents to promise to take care of their children.[57]

In 1990, members of the Ku Klux Klan in Missouri played racist versions of Rogers's songs, so Rogers filed a lawsuit against the White supremacy group.[58] A district court judge in Missouri ordered the Ku Klux Klan to stop using Rogers's songs and to give any records they had to Rogers. The judge said the group had committed copyright infringement.[58]

After the September 11 terrorist attacks, Rogers made public service announcements for parents about how to discuss tragic world news events with their children.[59] He told viewers to "look for the helpers".[59] Many people still share the quote online after tragic news events.[60] Rogers said in the public service announcement,

"When I was a boy and I would see scary things in the news, my mother would say to me, 'Look for the helpers. You will always find people who are helping.' To this day, especially in times of "disaster," I remember my mother's words and I am always comforted by realizing that there are still so many helpers – so many caring people in this world"[61]

Money for PBS

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In 1969, Rogers appeared before the United States Senate Subcommittee on Communications.[62] His goal was to ask the Senate to support PBS with money and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, because of proposed budget cuts.[62] In about six minutes of explanation, Rogers spoke of the need for social and emotional education that public television gave.[62] He argued that other television programming like his Neighborhood helped teach children to become happy citizens.[62]

Rogers speaking before the United States Senate about PBS, 1969

The chairman of the subcommittee, John O. Pastore, did not know Rogers or his work and was sometimes said to be impatient.[62][63] However, after Rogers, Pastore said that what Rogers said was very exciting, and said, "I think it's wonderful. Looks like you just earned the $20 million".[62] The Senate increased money for PBS from $9 million to $22 million.[63]

Role in Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc.

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See the main article: Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc.

As the issues of households being able to record television programs with a VCR grew, Rogers was active in supporting VCR companies in court.[64] In 1979, in the case Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc., Rogers said he was not against home recordings of his television programs because families could watch them together at a later time.[64]

When the case reached the Supreme Court in 1983, the majority decision used what Rogers had said.[64] The court found that the Betamax video recorder did not commit copyright violations.[64][65] The court said that his views were an important piece of evidence "that many [television] producers are willing to allow private time-shifting to continue".[65]

Other works

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Rogers in Moscow, 1988
 
Daniel "Striped" Tiger puppet

In 1978, while taking a break from making new Neighborhood episodes, Rogers hosted an interview program for adults on PBS called Old Friends...New Friends.[66] On the show, Rogers interviewed "actors, sports stars, politicians, and poets".[67] The show lasted only 20 episodes.[67] In 1988, he appeared on the Soviet children's television show Good Night, Little Ones! where he brought his puppet Daniel Striped Tiger with him.[68]

The only time Rogers appeared on television as someone other than himself was in 1996 when he played a preacher on one episode of Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman.[9] Rogers voiced himself on the "Arthur Meets Mister Rogers" episode of the PBS Kids series Arthur.[69]

Personal life

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Rogers in Chicago, 1994

Rogers had an apartment in New York City and a summer home on Nantucket Island in Massachusetts.[20] Rogers was red-green color blind.[70] He had a healthy lifestyle as he swam every morning and neither smoked nor drank.[71] He was a vegetarian because he believed eating meat was wrong, saying "I don't want to eat anything that has a mother".[72] Some people thought that Rogers was in the military as a Navy SEAL during the Vietnam War and had tattoos. This is not true.[73]

In 1991, the Pittsburgh Penguins named Rogers as their celebrity captain, as part of a celebration of the National Hockey League's 75th anniversary.[74] Card No. 297 from the 1992 NHL Platinum collection celebrated the event, making Rogers one of only twelve celebrity captains to be chosen for a sports card.[75]

During his morning routine, Rogers responded to all of the mail sent to him by fans and returned them to the people that sent them.[76]

Rogers was a Republican. However, Joanne Rogers said that her husband voted as an independent.[1] She also said he did not talk about politics too much because he did not want to be political.[1]

Rogers retired in 2001, but he kept busy studying religion and spirituality. He traveled and went out in public. He also worked on a children's media center named after him at Saint Vincent College in Latrobe with Archabbot Douglas Nowicki, chancellor of the college.[77]

Death

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By the summer of 2002, his constant stomach pain had become painful enough for him to see a doctor about it, and in October 2002 he learned he had stomach cancer.[78][79] He had surgery on January 6, 2003, which was unsuccessful.[80][81] A week earlier, he was grand marshal of the Tournament of Roses Parade, with Art Linkletter and Bill Cosby.[82]

Rogers died on the morning of February 27, 2003, at his home in Pittsburgh.[83] His wife was by his side when he died.[83] He died less than a month before he would have turned 75.[83][84]

On March 1, 2003, a private funeral was held for Rogers in Unity Chapel. Rogers' father had restored the chapel at Unity Cemetery in Latrobe, where Rogers was buried.[85][86] [87] About 80 relatives, co-workers, and close friends came to the service. Plans were secret, so that those closest to him could grieve privately.[86] Reverend John McCall read from the Bible and talked about its meaning. He was pastor of the Rogers family's church, Sixth Presbyterian Church in Squirrel Hill. Reverend William Barker read Rogers's favorite Bible passages. Barker was a retired Presbyterian minister and a close friend of Rogers. Barker was the voice of Mr. Platypus on the show.[86]

More than 2,700 people went to Rogers's public memorial service at Heinz Hall on May 3.[88] Honored guests included former Good Morning America host David Hartman, Teresa Heinz Kerry, PBS President Pat Mitchell, Arthur creator Marc Brown, and The Very Hungry Caterpillar author-artist Eric Carle.[88][89] Speakers remembered Rogers for his humor, and his love of children, his religion, and music.[88][89]

Legacy and honors

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Rogers being presented the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Bush, 2002

In 1992, he was awarded the Peabody Award.[90] He was added to the Television Hall of Fame in 1999.[91]

President George W. Bush awarded Rogers the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2002 for his works to children's education.[92] He said that Rogers "has a very special place in the heart of a lot of moms and dads all across America."[92] In 2003, the United States Senate passed Resolution 16 to celebrate the life of Rogers.[93] After Rogers's death, the U.S. House of Representatives passed Resolution 111 in 2003. This resolution honored Rogers for the work he did to help children in the United States.[94]

On New Year's Day 2004, Michael Keaton, who worked on stage on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood before becoming an actor, hosted the PBS TV special Fred Rogers: America's Favorite Neighbor. His hometown of Latrobe and Pittsburgh host "Won't You Wear a Sweater Day" to honor Rogers.[95][96] The event takes place every year on his birth date, March 20.[96] In 2003, the International Astronomical Union named the asteroid 26858 Misterrogers after Rogers.[97][98]

The Fred Rogers Memorial Statue in Pittsburgh was built in 2009.[99][100] On June 25, 2016, the Fred Rogers Historical Marker was placed near Latrobe, Pennsylvania in his memory.[101]

In June 2018, the documentary Won't You Be My Neighbor? was released. It was based on Rogers's life and the effect of his work. Reviews were good for it. The movie became the highest money making biography-documentary (biodoc) of all time.[102] Tom Hanks played Rogers in a movie based on his later life titled A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood (2019) directed by Marielle Heller.[103][104] Hanks was later nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role as Rogers.[105]

Rogers was honored on a special United States postage stamp in March 2018.[106] On September 21, 2018, Google Doodle honored him with a stop-motion video of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood.[107] On October 23, 2018, during the first game of the 2018 World Series, Rogers's first television commercial was for Google's Pixel 3 smartphone.[108] In the ad, Rogers sings "Did You Know" which was the first time his voice or images has been used in a commercial for a product on television.[108]

 
Rogers' famous red sweater at the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C.

The Smithsonian Institution bought one of Rogers's famous sweaters. The museum shows it in their "Treasure of American History" exhibit.[109] At the 2020 Academy Awards, Janelle Monáe performed Rogers's "It's a Beautiful Day in This Neighborhood" during the opening ceremony while wearing a red cardigan sweater.[110]

At the 2021 Grammy Awards, Rogers was posthumously awarded the Grammy Award for Best Historical Album for It's Such a Good Feeling: The Best of Mister Rogers.[111]

Honorary degrees

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Rogers received honorary degrees from more than 43 colleges and universities. After 1973, two of Rogers's friends made two special quilts to celebrate the degrees. They used cloth from his many graduation robes to make them. The quilts are at the Fred Rogers Center at St. Vincent College in Latrobe.[112][113]

Programs

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Year Title
1954–1961 The Children's Corner[114]
1963–1966 Misterogers[115]
1964–1967 Butternut Square[115]
1968–2001 Mister Rogers' Neighborhood[115]
1977–1982 Christmastime with Mister Rogers[116]
1978–1981 Old Friends ... New Friends[117]
1981 Sesame Street[118]
1988 Good Night, Little Ones![119]
1991 Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego?[120]
1994 Fred Rogers' Heroes[121]
1996 Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman[122]
1997 Arthur[123]
1998 Wheel of Fortune[124]
2003 114th Annual Tournament of Roses Parade[125]

Children's books

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The front of the "Tribute to Children" monument in Pittsburgh where a statue of Rogers is also in
 
A trolley in Oak Park, Illinois decorated to honor Rogers and his show
  • Our Small World (with Josie Carey, illustrated by Norb Nathanson), 1954, Reed and Witting, OCLC 236163646
  • The Elves, the Shoemaker, & the Shoemaker's Wife (illustrated by Richard Hefter), 1973, Small World Enterprises, OCLC 969517
  • The Matter of the Mittens, 1973, Small World Enterprises, OCLC 983991
  • Speedy Delivery (illustrated by Richard Hefter), 1973, Hubbard, OCLC 11464480
  • Henrietta Meets Someone New (illustrated by Jason Art Studios), 1974, Golden Press, OCLC 950967676
  • Mister Rogers Talks About, 1974, Platt & Munk, OCLC 1093164
  • Time to Be Friends, 1974, Hallmark Cards, OCLC 1694547
  • Everyone is Special (illustrated by Jason Art Studios), 1975, Western Publishing, OCLC 61280957
  • Tell Me, Mister Rogers, 1975, Platt & Munk, OCLC 1525780
  • The Costume Party (illustrated by Jason Art Studios), 1976, Golden Press, OCLC 3357187
  • Planet Purple (illustrated by Dennis Hockerman), 1986, Texas Instruments, ISBN 978-0-89512-092-2
  • If We Were All the Same (illustrated by Pat Sustendal), 1987, Random House, OCLC 15083194
  • A Trolley Visit to Make-Believe (illustrated by Pat Sustendal), 1987, Random House, OCLC 17237650
  • Wishes Don't Make Things Come True (illustrated Pat Sustendal), 1987, Random House, OCLC 15196769
  • No One Can Ever Take Your Place (illustrated by Pat Sustendal), 1988, Random House, OCLC 990550735
  • When Monsters Seem Real (illustrated by Pat Sustendal), 1988, Random House, OCLC 762290817
  • You Can Never Go Down the Drain (illustrated by Pat Sustendal), 1988, Random House, ISBN 978-0-394-80430-9
  • The Giving Box (illustrated by Jennifer Herbert), 2000, Running Press, OCLC 45616325
  • Good Weather or Not (with Hedda Bluestone Sharapan, illustrated by James Mellet), 2005, Family Communications, OCLC 31597516
  • Josephine the Short Neck-Giraffe, 2006, Family Communications, OCLC 1048459379
  • A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood: The Poetry of Mister Rogers Neighborhood (illustrated by Luke Flowers), 2009, Quirk Books, OCLC 1042097615

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Kaufman, Amy (November 26, 2019). "How befriending Mister Rogers' widow allowed me to learn the true meaning of his legacy". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 17, 2023.
  2. ↑ Jackson, K.M.; Emmanuel, S.M. (2016). Revisiting Mister Rogers' Neighborhood: Essays on Lessons About Self and Community. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-7864-7296-3. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
  3. ↑ Sostek, Anya (November 6, 2009). "Mr. Rogers takes rightful place at riverside tribute". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
  4. ↑ "Special Collectors' Issue: 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time". TV Guide (December 14–20, 1996). 1996.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 "Early Life". Fred Rogers Center for Early Learning & Children's Media. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 King, M. (2018). The Good Neighbor: The Life and Work of Fred Rogers. ABRAMS. ISBN 978-1-68335-349-2. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  7. ↑ "It's a Sad Day in This Neighborhood". Los Angeles Times. February 28, 2003. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  8. ↑ "The Fred Rogers Trail". VisitPA | #visitPA. June 28, 2018. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 DeFranceso, Joyce (April 2003). "Remembering Fred Rogers: A Life Well-Lived: A look back at Fred Rogers' life". Pittsburgh Magazine. Archived from the original on January 3, 2005. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  10. ↑ "7 items that tell the story of Mister Rogers, America's favorite neighbor". Entertainment Weekly. June 9, 2018. Retrieved October 20, 2018.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Comm, Joseph A. (February 2, 2015). Legendary Locals of Latrobe. Arcadia Publishing.
  12. ↑ "'Mister Rogers' to give Dartmouth Commencement Address". Dartmouth News. Dartmouth College Office of Public Affairs. May 2, 2002. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  13. ↑ Davis, Bobby (Summer 2003). "Fred McFeely Rogers". The Rollins Alumni Record. pp. 20–23. Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  14. ↑ Vancheri, Barbara (December 25, 2003). "As promised, Joanne Rogers is doing 'fine'". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on December 22, 2017. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
  15. ↑ "Fred McFeely Rogers". UXL Newsmakers (2005). 2005. Archived from the original on September 24, 2008. Retrieved December 13, 2007 – via Find Articles.
  16. ↑ Vancheri, Barbara; Owen, Rob (May 4, 2003). "Pittsburgh bids farewell to Fred Rogers with moving public tribute". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on January 21, 2012. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  17. ↑ "Joanne Rogers, Mister Rogers' widow, dies at 92". The Hill. January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
  18. ↑ "Remembering Mr. Rogers". Presbyterian Historical Society. February 11, 2013. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  19. ↑ Rodgers-Melnick, Ann (May 4, 2003). "Liberal pastor retires after long run in city". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on October 8, 2008. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Junod, Tom (November 1998). "Can You Say ... 'Hero'?". Esquire. Archived from the original on March 1, 2003. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  21. ↑ Millman, Joyce (August 10, 1999). "Salon Brilliant Careers: Fred Rogers". Salon. Archived from the original on December 18, 2010. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 "Terry Gross and Fred Rogers". Fresh Air with Terry Gross. NPR. February 28, 2003. Retrieved September 29, 2016. Show originally aired 1985
  23. ↑ Obis, Paul (November 1983). "America's Favorite Neighbor". Vegetarian Times. pp. 22–26.
  24. ↑ "In the Land of Make Believe, The Real Mister Rogers". The Washington Post. November 18, 1982. Retrieved October 20, 2018.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Tiech, John (July 17, 2012). Pittsburgh Film History: On Set in the Steel City. Arcadia Publishing.
  26. ↑ Schultz, Mike. "Sylvania Award". uv201.com. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  27. ↑ "Broadcast pioneer Josie Carey was there from the start". Pittsburgh Gazette. March 27, 2004. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 "Fred Rogers Biography". Archived from the original on October 6, 2017. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
  29. ↑ Flecker, Sally Ann; Judkis, Jim. "When Fred Met Margaret - University of Pittsburgh". Pitt Med. Retrieved October 26, 2018.
  30. ↑ Broughton, I. (1986). Producers on Producing: The Making of Film and Television. McFarland classics. McFarland. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-7864-1207-5. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  31. ↑ Williams, Suzanne. "Fred McFeely Rogers". museum.tv. The Museum of Broadcast Communications. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  32. ↑ "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood and Beyond". Fred Rogers Center for Early Learning & Children's Media. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  33. ↑ Jackson, K.M.; Emmanuel, S.M. (2016). Revisiting Mister Rogers' Neighborhood: Essays on Lessons About Self and Community. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-7864-7296-3. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  34. ↑ "How Mr. Rogers and Mr. Dressup's road trip from Pittsburgh to Toronto changed children's television forever". National Post. July 11, 2018. Retrieved October 26, 2018.
  35. ↑ Bertram, Colin (October 26, 2018). "How Fred Rogers Changed Children's Television". Biography. Retrieved October 26, 2018.
  36. ↑ "Fred Rogers Biography". Fred Rogers Productions. March 20, 1928. Archived from the original on October 16, 2019. Retrieved October 26, 2018.
  37. ↑ "Filming Mister Rogers' Neighborhood". Johnny Costa Pittsburgh's Legendary Jazz Pianist. Archived from the original on November 6, 2018. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  38. ↑ Hart, Ron (February 19, 1968). "The Music of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood and Johnny Costa". JazzTimes. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  39. ↑ "Mr. Rogers says goodbye -- for now". CNN. August 31, 2001. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 "Fred Rogers". Television Academy Interviews. January 1, 2018. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
  41. ↑ "DPTV celebrates 50th anniversary of 'Mr. Rogers'". Detroit News. February 23, 2018. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  42. ↑ "100 Billionth Crayola Crayon". Fred Rogers Center for Early Learning & Children's Media. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
  43. ↑ Collins, M.; Kimmel, M.M. (1997). Mister Rogers Neighborhood: Children Television And Fred Rogers. University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 978-0-8229-8008-7. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 Rogers, F. (1996). Dear Mr. Rogers, Does It Ever Rain in Your Neighborhood?: Letters to Mr. Rogers. Penguin Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-101-16169-2. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  45. ↑ "WATCH: This Is Why We Will Always Love Mr. Rogers". HuffPost. April 10, 2013. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  46. ↑ "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood Credit Videos". Retro Junk. Archived from the original on October 27, 2018. Retrieved October 26, 2018.
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 Owen, Rob (November 12, 2000). "There goes the Neighborhood: Mister Rogers will make last episodes of show in December". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette Magazine. Retrieved March 20, 2011.
  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 "The Music of Mister Rogers". Pittsburgh Gazette. February 22, 2018. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  49. ↑ "WOUB-HD to Air 'Mr. Rogers: It's You I Like' March 6". WOUB Digital. March 2, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  50. ↑ Meek, Tom (June 5, 2018). "'Won't You Be My Neighbor?' Frames Mr. Rogers As A Man On A Mission". WBUR. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 Blickley, Leigh (June 8, 2018). "The Gay 'Ghetto Boy' Who Bonded With Mister Rogers And Changed The Neighborhood". HuffPost. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 "How 'Mister Rogers' Neighborhood' Championed Children With Disabilities". Guideposts. October 15, 2018. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 "Obituary: Jeffrey Erlanger / Quadriplegic who endeared himself to Mister Rogers". Pittsburgh Gazette. June 14, 2007. Retrieved November 1, 2018.
  54. ↑ "Remembering Mr. Rogers, a True-Life 'Helper' When the World Still Needs One". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
  55. ↑ Jackson, K.M.; Emmanuel, S.M. (2016). Revisiting Mister Rogers' Neighborhood: Essays on Lessons About Self and Community. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-7864-7296-3. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
  56. ↑ "The surprising success - and faith - of Mister Rogers and 'Won't You Be My Neighbor?'". The Salt Lake Tribune. July 13, 2018. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 "PBS Public Service Announcement with mister rogers : NeighborhoodVideo : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive". Internet Archive. October 17, 2017. Retrieved October 26, 2018.
  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 "Klan Barred from Playing Phone Tapes : Courts: Judge rules the racist messages infringe on 'Mister Rogers' trademarks". The Los Angeles Times. October 11, 1990. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 "Mr. Rogers' words of comfort revived in wake of tragedy". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. December 18, 2012. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  60. ↑ "Why Mister Rogers' Plea To 'Look For The Helpers' Still Resonates Today". HuffPost. June 8, 2018. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
  61. ↑ "Tragic Events". Parent Resources. Archived from the original on October 28, 2018. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.4 62.5 "Mister Rogers defending PBS to the US Senate". June 29, 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2016 – via YouTube.
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 "Fred Rogers Beyond the Neighborhood: Senate Committee Hearing". Fred Rogers Center. 1969. Archived from the original on June 17, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 64.2 64.3 "The Court Case That Almost Made It Illegal to Tape TV Shows". The Atlantic. January 10, 2012. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 "Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 417 (1984)". Supreme Court of the United States of America. 1984. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  66. ↑ "Fred Rogers Moves into a New Neighborhood—and So Does His Rebellious Son". People. May 15, 1978. Retrieved October 26, 2018.
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 Liebman, Lisa (June 8, 2018). "11 Delightful Things We Learn About Mr. Rogers in Won't You Be My Neighbor?". Vulture. Retrieved October 26, 2018.
  68. ↑ ""TV.com- Nighttime (2)"". TV. Archived from the original on January 5, 2010. Retrieved November 26, 2019.
  69. ↑ Fred Rogers – Voice Actor Profile at Voice Chasers Archived November 20, 2018, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 19, 2012
  70. ↑ Roddy, Dennis (March 1, 2003). "Fred Rogers kept it simple, and elegantly so". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved December 12, 2007.
  71. ↑ Millman, Joyce (August 10, 1999). "Salon Brilliant Careers: Fred Rogers". Salon. Archived from the original on December 18, 2010. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  72. ↑ "Legacy of Fred Rogers". Archived from the original on September 9, 2015. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
  73. ↑ Mikkelson, David (June 28, 2022). "Did Mr. Rogers Hide Violent and Criminal Past?". Snopes. snopes.com. Retrieved May 8, 2023.
  74. ↑ "Can you say ... captain?". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Vol. 65, no. 58. October 7, 1991. p. 1. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  75. ↑ "Mister Rogers' Hockey Card". Puck Junk. March 21, 2016. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  76. ↑ "Saint Fred". The Atlantic. November 22, 2015. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  77. ↑ King, pp. 338, 344
  78. ↑ King, pp. 343–344
  79. ↑ "Mister Rogers Shows Us How Crayons Are Made". South Dakota Public Broadcasting. February 25, 2015. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  80. ↑ Owen, Rob; Barbara Vancheri (February 28, 2003). "Fred Rogers dies at 74". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on December 19, 2011. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  81. ↑ Everhart, Karen (March 10, 2003). "Fred Rogers, 1928–2003". Current. Archived from the original on June 17, 2011. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  82. ↑ "Grand Marshal Slide Show Main". Tournament of Roses. 2004. Archived from the original on November 11, 2006. Retrieved February 26, 2010.
  83. ↑ 83.0 83.1 83.2 Lewis, Daniel (February 28, 2003). Fred Rogers, Host of 'Mister Rogers' Neighborhood,' Dies at 74, The New York Times. Retrieved January 9, 2011. Archived at https://archive.today/20120908110708/http://www.nytimes.com/learning/teachers/featured_articles/20030228friday.html
  84. ↑ "The Saintliness of Fred Rogers". USCatholic.org. April 26, 2018. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  85. ↑ King, M. (2018). The Good Neighbor: The Life and Work of Fred Rogers. ABRAMS. p. 443. ISBN 978-1-68335-349-2. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
  86. ↑ 86.0 86.1 86.2 Rodgers-Melnick, Ann (March 2, 2003). "Friends, relatives mourn death of Mr. Rogers". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on January 6, 2022. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  87. ↑ "The Grave of Mister Rogers". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved November 12, 2019.
  88. ↑ 88.0 88.1 88.2 "The Two Freds: When Phelps Protested Mr. Rogers's Memorial". The New Yorker. March 20, 2014. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  89. ↑ 89.0 89.1 "Pittsburgh Bids Farewell to Fred Rogers with Moving Public Tribute". May 4, 2003. Archived from the original on January 6, 2022. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  90. ↑ "George Foster Peabody Award Winners". University of Georgia, George Foster Peabody Award. Archived from the original on October 7, 2014. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
  91. ↑ "Hall of Fame". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on December 16, 2008. Retrieved December 3, 2008.
  92. ↑ 92.0 92.1 "Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom". Presidency.UCSB.edu. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  93. ↑ "S.Con.Res.16 - 108th Congress". Congress.gov. March 5, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
  94. ↑ "H.Res.111 - 108th Congress". Congress.gov. March 4, 2003. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
  95. ↑ "Won't You Wear a SweaterByrd?". Rollins News Center. Rollins College. March 21, 2008. Archived from the original on June 9, 2010. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  96. ↑ 96.0 96.1 "Wear a sweater, honor Mr. Rogers". Today. February 27, 2008. Archived from the original on March 24, 2019. Retrieved July 19, 2016.
  97. ↑ 26858 Misterrogers (1993 FR), NASA. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
  98. ↑ Plunkett, Chuck (May 2, 2003). Mister Rogers' star status now reaches heavenly proportions Archived March 16, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Pittsburgh Tribune Review. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
  99. ↑ Butter, Bob (November 5, 2009). "World's First Sculpture of American Icon Fred Rogers Unveiled". Reuters. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  100. ↑ Sostek, Anya (November 5, 2009). "Sculpture of Fred Rogers unveiled on North Side". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on December 17, 2009. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
  101. ↑ "Fred McFeely Rogers Historical – Latrobe – PA – US – Historical Marker Project".
  102. ↑ "Won't You Be My Neighborhood Is the Top Grossing Biodoc of All Time". The Hollywood Reporter. July 27, 2018.
  103. ↑ "Soulful, Inspiring Mister Rogers Movie Trailer Just Might Make You Cry". Vanity Fair. March 20, 2018. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
  104. ↑ N'Duka, Amanda (December 27, 2018). "Tom Hanks' Mister Rogers Film Finally Gets A Title". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved December 27, 2018.
  105. ↑ "What an Oscar win for Tom Hanks would mean to Pittsburgh". Triblive. February 9, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
  106. ↑ U.S. Postal Service Provides First-Day Date and Locations for 2018 First Quarter Stamp Issuances, US Postal Service news release, December 19, 2017
  107. ↑ "Celebrating Mister Rogers". Google Doodle. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  108. ↑ 108.0 108.1 Pressman, Aaron (October 24, 2018). "Mister Rogers Stars in His First TV Commercial—For Google". Fortune. Retrieved October 25, 2018.
  109. ↑ "NMAH – Treasures of American History – American Television (page 2 of 2)". National Museum of American History. Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on June 30, 2011. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  110. ↑ "Janelle Monáe's opening number for the Oscars featured Mr. Rogers and Nazis". Vox. February 10, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
  111. ↑ Frieman, Jordan (March 14, 2021). "Grammys 2021: Complete list of winners and nominees". CBS News. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
  112. ↑ Erdley, Debra (March 23, 2018). "Thiel College remembers Mister Rogers". Tribune-Review. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Retrieved September 1, 2021.
  113. ↑ "Academic Hood Quilt". Fred Rogers Center. Latrobe, Pennsylvania. 2018. Archived from the original on July 16, 2019. Retrieved July 15, 2019.
  114. ↑ Starr, Jerold M. (2001). Air Wars: The Fight to Reclaim Public Broadcasting. Temple University Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-1-56639-913-5.
  115. ↑ 115.0 115.1 115.2 Matheson, Sue (2016). "Good Neighbors, Moral Philosophy and the Masculine Ideal". In Merlock Jackson, Sandra; Emmanuel, Steven M. (eds.). Revisiting Mister Rogers' Neighborhood: Essays on Lessons about Self and Community. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Publishers. p. 25. ISBN 978-1-4766-2341-2.
  116. ↑ Warner, Jennifer (August 8, 2013). Mister Rogers: A Biography of the Wonderful Life of Fred Rogers. BookCaps Study Guides. ISBN 978-1-62917-046-6.
  117. ↑ Bourgoin, Suzanne Michele; Byers, Paula Kay, eds. (2001). Encyclopedia of World Biography: Supplement. Gale Research. p. 354. ISBN 978-0-7876-2945-8.
  118. ↑ Hughes, William (June 14, 2019). "Why not punch yourself in the gut with this picture of Elmo looking sadly at Mr. Rogers' old sweater?". AV Club News. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2019.
  119. ↑ Fred Rogers Productions; Lybarger, Tim; Wagner, Melissa; McGuiggan, Jenna (October 29, 2019). Mister Rogers' Neighborhood: A Visual History. Potter/Ten Speed/Harmony/Rodale. pp. 90–91. ISBN 978-1-9848-2622-0.
  120. ↑ "Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?—The Case of the Lifted Lines". YouTube. June 6, 2017. Retrieved November 26, 2019.
  121. ↑ Williams-Rautiolla, Suzanne (2014). Newcomb, Horace (ed.). Encyclopedia of Television. Routledge. p. 1949. ISBN 978-1-135-19479-6.
  122. ↑ "Mister Rogers Pays a Visit to 'Dr. Quinn'". Los Angeles Times. February 2, 1996. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
  123. ↑ "Arthur". TV Guide. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
  124. ↑ @WheelofFortune (September 21, 2018). "In honor of Mister Rogers' 51st anniversary, here's one of our favorite memories – when he visited our neighborhood on #WheelOfFortune!" (Tweet). Retrieved November 16, 2019 – via Twitter.
  125. ↑ "This Week's Picks". The Washington Post. December 29, 2002. Retrieved November 16, 2019.

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