Bombardment
A bombardment is an attack by artillery weapons against fortifications, troops or towns and buildings.[1] The word came from the name of the medieval artillery weapon, the bombard, which was used to fire heavy stones during a siege.
Before World War I the word bombardment was only used for the attack of defenceless or undefended objects, houses, public buildings.[2] Since then it has come to mean any mass attack delivered by artillery or short range missiles, and also as aerial bombardment if delivered by bomber aircraft or long range missiles.
It now is also used to describe activities in science, such as firing high energy particles like electrons into atoms in the study of nuclear reactions.[3] The word can also be used informally, for example, a person could be "bombarded" with questions.
History
changeIn its old strict sense the term was only applied to the bombardment of defenceless or undefended objects, houses, public buildings. The purpose is to destroy the courage of your enemies. Civilians in a besieged town would put pressure on their military leaders to surrender before the place was destroyed.[2] The practice of using artillery to do this was especially common up until World War I. Since then long range artillery bombardment has been joined by aerial bombardment delivered by aircraft and missiles.
References
change- ↑ "Bombardment". Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology. 2002. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Chisholm 1911, p. 182.
- ↑ "Bombard". Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology. 2002. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
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This article includes text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica. Please add to the article as needed. |