Princess Royal

British royal title

Princess Royal is a title often given by the reigning British King or Queen to his or her eldest daughter. The title is a gift of the monarch, unlike Prince of Wales which is always given to the eldest son

There can only be one Princess Royal at a time, so Elizabeth II never held the title because her aunt, Princess Mary was already called Princess Royal.

List of Princesses Royal

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The following is a full list of women officially called "Princess Royal":

Order Name
dates
Princess Royal
from (date) to (date)
Parent Date married Husband
dates
Notes
1 Mary, Princess Royal
1631–1660
1642–1660 Charles I
1600–1649
1641 William II, Prince of Orange
1626–1650
2 Anne, Princess Royal
1709–1759
1727–1759 George II
1683–1760
1734 William IV, Prince of Orange
1711–1751
3 Charlotte, Princess Royal
1766–1828
1789–1828 George III
1738–1820
1797 Frederick I of Württemberg
1754–1816
4 Victoria, Princess Royal
1840–1901
1841–1901 Victoria
1819–1901
1858 Friedrich III of Germany
1831–1888
Heiress presumptive 1840–1841
5 Louise, Princess Royal
1867–1931
1905–1931 Edward VII
1841–1910
1889 Alexander Duff, 1st Duke of Fife
1849–1912
6 Mary, Princess Royal
1897–1965
1932–1965 George V
1865–1936
1922 Henry Lascelles, 6th Earl of Harewood
1882–1947
7 Anne, Princess Royal
1950–
1987–present Elizabeth II
1926–
1973–1992 Mark Phillips
1948-
1992 Timothy Laurence
1955–

Princess Louisa Maria (1692–1712), the last daughter of King James II (d. 1701), was born after he lost his crown in the Glorious Revolution. She was given the title of Princess Royal during James's exile at Saint-Germain-en-Laye and was so called by Jacobites, even though she was never even James's eldest living daughter.

Eldest daughters of English sovereigns

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Before Charles II in 1660 started using the title of Princess Royal, the eldest daughters of the King of England had a special status. Magna Carta made the Barons to pay for the eldest daughter's wedding,[1] and later sleeping with her was made High Treason,[2] punishable by death - a law only changed in 1998 [3]

List of Eldest daughters of English sovereigns

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Name
dates
Eldest daughter
from (date) to (date)
Father Date married Husband
dates
Notes
Adela of Normandy
1062/7-1137?
1066/7-1087 William I 1083? Stephen II of Blois
1045-1102
Mother of Stephen of England.
Empress Matilda
1102-1167
1102–1135 Henry I 1114 Emperor Henry V
1086-1125
Named as her father's heir 1127-1135, briefly (1141) ruler of England; mother of Henry II.
1128 Geoffrey V of Anjou
1113-1151
Marie of Boulogne
1136-1182
1136–1154 Stephen 1160–1170 Matthew of Boulogne
c.1130-1173
Matilda of Saxony
1156-1189
1156–1189 Henry II 1168 Henry the Lion
1129-1195
Joan of England
1210-1238
1210–1216 John 1221 Alexander II of Scotland
1198-1249
Margaret of England
1240-1275
1240–1272 Henry III 1251 Alexander III of Scotland
1241-1286
Eleanor of England
1269-1298
1272–1298 Edward I 1293 Henry III of Bar
1259-1302
Joan of Acre
1272-1307
1298–1307 Edward I 1290 Gilbert de Clare
1243–1295
Became eldest daughter of the king then living when her sister died.
1297 Ralph de Monthermer
c. 1270-1325
Margaret Plantagenet
1275-1333?
Apr.-Jul. 1307 Edward I 1290 John II of Brabant
1275-1312
Very briefly eldest living daughter of the king between her sister's and her father's deaths.
Eleanor of Woodstock
1318-1355
1318–1327 Edward II 1332 Reginald II of Guelders
1295-1343
Isabella de Coucy
1332-1379/82
1332–1377 Edward III 1365 Enguerrand VII de Coucy
1340-1397
Blanche of England
1392-1409
1399–1409 Henry IV 1402 Louis III of Germany
(son of King Rupert)
1378-1436
Philippa of England
1394-1430
1409–1413 Henry IV 1406 Eric of Pomerania
King of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
1382-1459
Eldest living daughter of the king after her sister's death.
Elizabeth of York
1466-1503
1466–1483 Edward IV 1486 Henry VII of England
1457-1509
Heiress presumptive 1466-70
Margaret Tudor
1489-1541
1489–1509 Henry VII 1503 James IV of Scotland
1473-1513
Heiress presumptive 1509-11, 1511-16. Great-grandmother of James I.
Mary I of England
1516-1558
1516-1547
declared illegitimate 1533
Henry VIII 1554 Philip II of Spain
1527-1598
Heiress presumptive 1516-34 and 1547–53; Queen of England and Ireland 1553-58.
Elizabeth of Bohemia
1596-1662
1603–1625 James I 1613 Frederick V, Elector Palatine
1596-1632
Heiress presumptive 1625-30. Grandmother of George I.
Mary, Princess Royal 1631–1649 See above.
Mary II of England
1662-1694
1685–1689 James II 1677 William III of Orange
1650-1702
Heiress presumptive 1685-88, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland 1689-94.

References

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  NODES
Note 3