Muhammad

See also: Muḥammad

English

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Etymology

Transliteration of Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad, “praised, commendable, laudable”), the passive participle of حَمَّدَ (ḥammada, “to praise, commend, laud, extol”). From the same triconsonantal root ح م د (ḥ-m-d) as, but distinct from, Mahmud.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mʊˈhɑməd/, /mʊˈhæməd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Proper noun

Muhammad (plural Muhammads)

2. (Islam, uncountable) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.

   Shias believe that Ali succeeded the prophet Muhammad as leader of the Ummah.

4. (Islam, uncountable) The 47th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an.
6. (countable) A male given name from Arabic very popular among Muslims.

Alternative forms

A 17th century illustration of Prophet Muhammad.

• Mahomet was the predominant form until the late 1700s. Mohammed was the predominant form from then until the 1940s, when it was overtaken by Muhammad, which has been predominant ever since. Other forms which are now quite common are Mohammad, Mohamed, and Muhammed, which all came into common use after the 1820s.

other forms

• (fairly common today:) Mahomed, Mahommed, Mehemet, Mohamad
• (fairly common historically but uncommon today:) Muhamed, Muhammat, Muhamad, Mehemed, Mehemmed, Mahoma, Muhammud, Mahemet, Mehemmet
• (Ottoman/Turkish-derived:) Mehmed, Mehmet
• (uncommon and in most cases obsolete:) Mohamet, Mahamad, Mahammad, Mahamet, Mahumet, Mohammet, Mahammed, Mahamed, Mahommet, Mahomad, Machomet, Mahommad, Muhammet, Mahomat, Muhamet, Muhamat, Maomet, Mohamat
• (rare and in most cases obsolete:) Mahamat, Mahamid, Mohamud, Mohammud, Mahomett, Mohamid, Mohammid, Muhamud, Muhammid, Mahammet, Muhamid, Magomet, Mohemet, Mehammed, Mohemmed, Mehamet, Mohemed, Mahemed;   Mouhammad, Mouhamed, Mouhamad, Muhmmed, Mohamod, Mohammod, Muhmad, Muhmmad, Muhimmad, Mohmad, Mohmmad, Mohmmed, Mohmed
• (very rare and in most cases obsolete:) Machoumet, Mahamath, Mahamett, Mahamit, Mahammat, Mahammid, Mahemett, Mahemmed, Mahemmet, Mahometh, Mahommat, Mahommett, Mahoumed, Mahoumet, Mahumett, Mehamid, Mehammad, Mehemett, Moammed, Moehammad, Mohamit, Mohammat, Mohamut, Mohemmet, Mohomet, Mouhamet, Mouhammed, Muammed, Muhamut, Muhemmad, Mathomus
• (rare, derived from modern scholarly transliterations of Arabic:) Muħammad, Muḥammad
• (Chechen-derived, via Russian:) Magomed, Magomet
• (Chinese-Muslim, via Chinese:) Ma, Mah, Mar, Mo ／ 馬
• (Berber variant, common among Kabyles:) Mohand

Synonyms

• Seal of the Prophets, al-Amin, Abu Qasim

Derived terms

• if the mountain won't come to Muhammad
• Mohammedan, Mohammedanism (now offensive)
• Mohammedism, Mohammedist (rare, offensive)

Related terms

• Mahmud/Mahmoud
• mammet; mammetry
• Baphomet (probably)
• Mahound

Translations

the prophet who introduced Islam

• Afrikaans: Mohammed
• Albanian: Muhammedi m
• Alemannic German: Mohammed
• Arabic: مُحَمَّد (ar) m (muḥammad), مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ ٱللّٰهِ m (muḥammadu bnu ʕabdi llāhi)

  Egyptian Arabic: محمد m (maḥamad, muḥamad)

• Aragonese: Mahoma
• Aramaic: ܡܘܚܡܕ
• Armenian: Մուհամմադ (Muhammad)
• Asturian: Mahoma
• Azerbaijani: Məhəmməd (az), Məhəmməd Peyğəmbər
• Bashkir: Мөхәммәт (Möxəmmət), Мөхәммәт пәйғәмбәр (Möxəmmət pəyğəmbər)
• Basque: Muhammad
• Belarusian: Магаме́т m (Mahamjét), Муха́мед m (Muxámjed)
• Bengali: মুহাম্মদ (bn) (muhammod)
• Bikol Central: Mahoma
• Bislama: Muhammed
• Breton: Mohammed
• Bulgarian: Мохаме́д m (Mohaméd)
• Burmese: မိုဟာမက် (muihamak)
• Catalan: Mafumet (ca)
• Cebuano: Mahoma
• Chechen: Мухьаммад (Muḥʳammad)
• Chinese:

  Dungan: Мухармэ (Muharme)

  Mandarin: 穆罕默德 (zh) (Mùhǎnmòdé), 穆聖 / 穆圣 (zh) (Mùshèng)

• Cornish: Mahomm
• Corsican: Magumetu m, Magumettu m
• Czech: Mohamed (cs) m
• Danish: Muhammed
• Dhivehi: މުޙައްމަދުގެފާނު (muḥammadugefānu)
• Dutch: Mohammed (nl)
• Esperanto: Mohamedo
• Estonian: Muḩammad
• Faroese: Muhamed m
• Finnish: Muhammed (fi), Muhammad
• French: Mahomet (fr) m, Mohammed (fr) m
• Galician: Mahoma (gl)
• Georgian: მაჰმადი (mahmadi)
• German: Mohammed (de) m
• Greek: Μωάμεθ (el) m (Moámeth)

  Ancient: Μουάμεδ m (Mouámed)

• Gujarati: મુહંમદ m (muhammad)
• Hausa: Muhammadu
• Hawaiian: Mohameka
• Hebrew: מֻחַמַּד m (mukhammad)
• Hindi: मुहम्मद m (muhammad), महम्मद (hi) (mahammad), मुहन्मद (hi) m (muhanmad), महमद (hi) m (mahmad), मोहम्मद m (mohammad)
• Hungarian: Mohamed (hu), Mohamed próféta
• Icelandic: Múhameð (is) m
• Ido: Muhamad
• Indonesian: Muhammad (id)
• Interlingua: Mahomet
• Italian: Maometto m
• Japanese: マホメット (Mahometto), モハメッド (Mohameddo), ムハンマド・イブン゠アブドゥッラーフ (muhanmado ibun-abudurrāfu), ムハンマド (muhanmado)
• Javanese: Muhammad
• Kannada: ಮುಹಮ್ಮದ್ (muhammad)
• Karakalpak: Muxammed
• Kazakh: Мұхаммед пайғамбар (Mūxammed paiğambar), Мұхаммед (Mūxammed), Мұхамет (Mūxamet)
• Khmer: មូហាំម៉ាត់ (muuhammat)
• Korean: 무함마드 (ko) (Muhammadeu), 마호멧 (Mahomet)
• Kumyk: Магьаммат (Mahammat)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: Mihemed (ku) m

• Kyrgyz: Мухаммед Пайгамбар (Muhammed Paygambar), Мухаммед (Muhammed)
• Latin: Mahometus m, Machometus m
• Latvian: Muhameds m
• Lithuanian: Mahometas m
• Low German:

  Dutch Low Saxon: Mohammed

• Macedonian: Му́хамед m (Múhamed)
• Malay: Muhammad, Muhammad
• Malayalam: മുഹമ്മദ് (ml) (muhammadŭ)
• Maltese: Muħammed
• Marathi: मुहम्मद m (muhammad)
• Middle English: Macomet
• Mongolian: Мухамэд (Muxamed)
• Ngazidja Comorian: Mtrume
• Norwegian: Muhammed
• Occitan: Maomet
• Odia: ମହମ୍ମଦ (mahammada), ମୁହାଂମେଡ଼ (muhāmmeṛa)
• Old French: Mahumet
• Old Portuguese: Mafomede
• Old South Arabian: 𐩣𐩢𐩣𐩵 (mḥmd)
• Pangasinan: Muhammad
• Pashto: محمد m (mohammad)
• Persian: محمد (fa) (mohammad)
• Polish: Mahomet (pl) m
• Portuguese: Maomé (pt) m
• Quechua: Muhamad
• Romanian: Mahomed
• Russian: Муха́ммед (ru) m (Muxámmed), Моха́ммед (ru) m (Moxámmed), Муха́ммад (ru) m (Muxámmad), Магоме́т (ru) m (Magomét) (traditional)
• Samogitian: Mahuomets
• Sanskrit: मुहम्मद m (muhammada)
• Scots: Mohammad
• Scottish Gaelic: Muhammad
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Мухамед m

  Roman: Muhamed m

• Sicilian: Maumettu (scn)
• Silesian: Mahůmet
• Sindhi: محمد
• Sinhalese: මුහම්මද් නබි (muhammad nabi), මුහම්මද් (muhammad)
• Slovak: Mohamed m
• Slovene: Móhamed (sl) m
• Somali: Maxamed
• Spanish: Mahoma (es) m
• Sundanese: Muhammad
• Swahili: Muhammad
• Swedish: Muhammed (sv)
• Sylheti: ꠝꠥꠢꠝ꠆ꠝꠖ (muhommodo)
• Tagalog: Mahoma
• Tajik: Муҳаммад (tg) (Muhammad)
• Tamil: முகம்மது நபி (mukammatu napi), முகம்மது (ta) (mukammatu)
• Tatar: Мөхәммәт (Möxämmät), Мөхәммәт пәйгамбәр (Möxämmät päygambär)
• Telugu: మహమ్మద్ (mahammad)
• Thai: มุฮัมมัด (th) (mú-ham-mát), มะหะหมัด (th) (má-hà-màt)
• Tibetan: མུ་ཧ་མད (mu ha mad)
• Turkish: Muhammed (tr), Muhammet (tr), Muhammed peygamber
• Turkmen: Muhammet pygamber, Muhammet
• Ukrainian: Муха́ммед m (Muxámmed), Магоме́т m (Mahomét), Муха́мед m (Muxámed), Моха́ммед m (Moxámmed), Моха́мед m (Moxámed)
• Urdu: محمد (ur) m (muhammad)
• Uyghur: مۇھەممەد (muhemmed), مەھەممەت (mehemmet)
• Uzbek: Muhammad
• Vietnamese: Muhammad
• Welsh: Muhammad
• West Frisian: Mohammed
• Wolof: Muhammad
• Yakut: Муһаммед (Muhammed)
• Yiddish: מאַכמעד (makhmed), מוחמד m (mukhamed)
• Yoruba: Mọ́mọ́dù
• Zazaki: Hz. Mıhemmed

47th sura of the Qur'an

• Arabic: سورة محمد
• Bulgarian: сура Мухаммад (sura Muhammad)
• Kannada: ಸೂರ ಮುಹಮ್ಮದ್ (sūra muhammad)
• Russian: су́ра Муха́ммад f (súra Muxámmad)
• Uyghur: مۇھەممەد (muhemmed)

male given name

• Albanian: Muhammed
• Amharic: መሐመድ (mäḥämäd)
• Armenian: Մուհամմեդ (hy) (Muhammed)
• Azerbaijani: Məhəmməd (az)
• Bambara: Mahamadou
• Bashkir: Мөхәммәт (Möxəmmət)
• Bengali: মুহাম্মদ (bn) (muhammod), মোহাম্মদ (bn) (mōhammod), মুহম্মদ (bn) (muhommod), মহম্মদ (mohommod)
• Bulgarian: Мухаммад (Muhammad), Мухаммед (Muhammed)
• Burmese: မိုဟာမက် (muihamak)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 穆罕默德 (zh) (Mùhǎnmòdé)

• Dhivehi: މުޙައްމަދު (muḥammadu)
• Finnish: Muhammed (fi)
• German: Mohammed (de) m
• Gujarati: મુહમ્મદ (muhammad)
• Hausa: Muhammadu
• Hebrew: מוחמד (Mukhammad)
• Hindi: मुहम्मद (muhammad), मोहम्मद (mohammad), महम्मद (hi) (mahammad), महमद (hi) (mahmad)
• Indonesian: Muhammad (id)
• Japanese: ムハンマド (Muhanmado)
• Kannada: ಮುಹಮ್ಮದ್ (muhammad)
• Kazakh: Мұқамет (Mūqamet), Мұхамед (Mūxamed)
• Korean: 무함마드 (ko) (muhammadeu), 무하마드 (ko) (muhamadeu)
• Kumyk: Магьаммат (Mahammat)
• Kyrgyz: Мухаммад (Muhammad), Мамбет (Mambet)
• Lao: ມຸ​ຮຳ​ມັດ (mu ham mat)
• Malagasy: Mohammed (mg)
• Malay: Muhammad
• Malayalam: മുഹമ്മദ് (ml) (muhammadŭ)
• Marathi: मुहम्मद (muhammad)
• Mongolian: Мухамэд (Muxamed)
• Moore: Mahamadi
• Nepali: मुहम्मद (muhammad)
• Pashto: محمد
• Persian: محمد (fa) (mohammed)
• Punjabi: ਮੁਹੰਮਦ (pa) (muhammad)
• Romanian: Mahomed m
• Russian: Муха́ммед (ru) m (Muxámmed), Моха́ммед (ru) m (Moxámmed), Муха́ммад (ru) m (Muxámmad)
• Sindhi: محمد (Muhammad)
• Sinhalese: මුහම්මද් (muhammad)
• Swahili: Muhammad
• Sylheti: ꠝꠥꠢꠝ꠆ꠝꠖ (muhommodo), ꠝꠢꠝ꠆ꠝꠖ (mohommodo)
• Tajik: Муҳаммад (tg) (Muhammad)
• Tamil: முஹம்மது (ta) (muhammatu)
• Telugu: ముహమ్మద్ (muhammad)
• Turkish: Mehmet (tr)
• Urdu: محمد (ur) (Muhammad)
• Uyghur: مەھەممەت (mehemmet)
• Uzbek: Muhammad, Muxammad
• Wolof: Mouhamed, Mouhamedou, Mamadou
• Yiddish: מוכאַמאַד (mukhamad)
• Yoruba: Mọ́mọ́dù

Finnish

Alternative forms

• Muhammed

Etymology

From Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmuhɑmːɑd/, [ˈmuɦɑ̝mːɑ̝d]
• Rhymes: -uhɑmːɑd
• Hyphenation^(key): Mu‧ham‧mad

Proper noun

Muhammad

1. Muhammad (prophet of Islam)

Usage notes

Language purists prefer the spelling "Muhammad", but "Muhammed" is the traditional and more popular transliteration into Finnish.

Declension

Inflection of Muhammad (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		Muhammad	Muhammadit
genitive		Muhammadin	Muhammadien
partitive		Muhammadia	Muhammadeja
illative		Muhammadiin	Muhammadeihin
		singular	plural
nominative		Muhammad	Muhammadit
accusative	nom.	Muhammad	Muhammadit
	gen.	Muhammadin
genitive		Muhammadin	Muhammadien
partitive		Muhammadia	Muhammadeja
inessive		Muhammadissa	Muhammadeissa
elative		Muhammadista	Muhammadeista
illative		Muhammadiin	Muhammadeihin
adessive		Muhammadilla	Muhammadeilla
ablative		Muhammadilta	Muhammadeilta
allative		Muhammadille	Muhammadeille
essive		Muhammadina	Muhammadeina
translative		Muhammadiksi	Muhammadeiksi
abessive		Muhammaditta	Muhammadeitta
instructive		—	Muhammadein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of Muhammad (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Muhammadini Muhammadini accusative nom. Muhammadini Muhammadini gen. Muhammadini genitive Muhammadini Muhammadieni partitive Muhammadiani Muhammadejani inessive Muhammadissani Muhammadeissani elative Muhammadistani Muhammadeistani illative Muhammadiini Muhammadeihini adessive Muhammadillani Muhammadeillani ablative Muhammadiltani Muhammadeiltani allative Muhammadilleni Muhammadeilleni essive Muhammadinani Muhammadeinani translative Muhammadikseni Muhammadeikseni abessive Muhammadittani Muhammadeittani instructive — — comitative — Muhammadeineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Muhammadisi Muhammadisi accusative nom. Muhammadisi Muhammadisi gen. Muhammadisi genitive Muhammadisi Muhammadiesi partitive Muhammadiasi Muhammadejasi inessive Muhammadissasi Muhammadeissasi elative Muhammadistasi Muhammadeistasi illative Muhammadiisi Muhammadeihisi adessive Muhammadillasi Muhammadeillasi ablative Muhammadiltasi Muhammadeiltasi allative Muhammadillesi Muhammadeillesi essive Muhammadinasi Muhammadeinasi translative Muhammadiksesi Muhammadeiksesi abessive Muhammadittasi Muhammadeittasi instructive — — comitative — Muhammadeinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Muhammadimme Muhammadimme accusative nom. Muhammadimme Muhammadimme gen. Muhammadimme genitive Muhammadimme Muhammadiemme partitive Muhammadiamme Muhammadejamme inessive Muhammadissamme Muhammadeissamme elative Muhammadistamme Muhammadeistamme illative Muhammadiimme Muhammadeihimme adessive Muhammadillamme Muhammadeillamme ablative Muhammadiltamme Muhammadeiltamme allative Muhammadillemme Muhammadeillemme essive Muhammadinamme Muhammadeinamme translative Muhammadiksemme Muhammadeiksemme abessive Muhammadittamme Muhammadeittamme instructive — — comitative — Muhammadeinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Muhammadinne Muhammadinne accusative nom. Muhammadinne Muhammadinne gen. Muhammadinne genitive Muhammadinne Muhammadienne partitive Muhammadianne Muhammadejanne inessive Muhammadissanne Muhammadeissanne elative Muhammadistanne Muhammadeistanne illative Muhammadiinne Muhammadeihinne adessive Muhammadillanne Muhammadeillanne ablative Muhammadiltanne Muhammadeiltanne allative Muhammadillenne Muhammadeillenne essive Muhammadinanne Muhammadeinanne translative Muhammadiksenne Muhammadeiksenne abessive Muhammadittanne Muhammadeittanne instructive — — comitative — Muhammadeinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative Muhammadinsa Muhammadinsa accusative nom. Muhammadinsa Muhammadinsa gen. Muhammadinsa genitive Muhammadinsa Muhammadiensa partitive Muhammadiaan Muhammadiansa Muhammadejaan Muhammadejansa inessive Muhammadissaan Muhammadissansa Muhammadeissaan Muhammadeissansa elative Muhammadistaan Muhammadistansa Muhammadeistaan Muhammadeistansa illative Muhammadiinsa Muhammadeihinsa adessive Muhammadillaan Muhammadillansa Muhammadeillaan Muhammadeillansa ablative Muhammadiltaan Muhammadiltansa Muhammadeiltaan Muhammadeiltansa allative Muhammadilleen Muhammadillensa Muhammadeilleen Muhammadeillensa essive Muhammadinaan Muhammadinansa Muhammadeinaan Muhammadeinansa translative Muhammadikseen Muhammadiksensa Muhammadeikseen Muhammadeiksensa abessive Muhammadittaan Muhammadittansa Muhammadeittaan Muhammadeittansa instructive — — comitative — Muhammadeineen Muhammadeinensa

Derived terms

• Muhis

 

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• Muchamad, Muchammad, Mochamad, Mochammad, Mohamad, Mohammad, Muhamad

Etymology

From Malay Muhammad, from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [muˈhamat̚]
• Rhymes: -at
• Hyphenation: Mu‧ham‧mad

Proper noun

Muhammad

2. (Islam) Muhammad (the figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís)
3. A male given name from Arabic.

Usage notes

• Although being separated by a space, it behaves like a prefix. No one would be called Muhammad, but the name next to it. For example, someone who named Muhammad Rizki is always called Rizki and no one would call him Muhammad.

Malay

Alternative forms

• Mohamed, Mohamad, Muhamad
• Mat, Mad, Md (clipping)

Etymology

From Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [mu.ha.mat], [mu.ħam.mad]
• Rhymes: -at, -ad
• Hyphenation: Mu‧ham‧mad

Proper noun

Muhammad (Jawi spelling محمد, abbreviation Muhd.)

2. (Islam) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.
3. A male given name from Arabic.

Usage notes

• In Malay-speaking communities, people with "Muhammad" in their names are usually referred to not by "Muhammad" but by the name that comes after that part of their given name.
  • For example, a person whose given name is "Muhammad Aqil" would usually be referred to by other people as just "Aqil" and not as "Muhammad".

Further reading

• “Muhammad” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.