Rupande

Muchidzidzo Masvomhu, shoko rokuti Rupande (fraction in English) rinoreva chikamu kubva pane chinhu mhumburu. Rupande kana rwanyorwa rwunotaura kuti pari kuhwerengedzwa zvikamu zvakaenzana zvingani. Sokuti mapande matatu emana (3/4), Rupande rumwe rwemaviri (1/2), mapande mana emasere (4/7). Pakunyora kwakapfupiswa tichati 4/7 inonyorwa ichingonzi mana-pausere.

Zvimedu zviri kubatanidzwa ${\tfrac {1}{2}}$ yekeke ne${\tfrac {1}{4}}$, zvinoshandurwa zvive nechirevazita chimwe

Rupande njee rwakafanana nekuti 1/2, 8/5, 4/7 chakaumbwa chiine nhamba izere pamusoro nenhamba izere pasi. Nhamba yepamusoro inonzi mberengi, iyi nhamba ndiyo inotaura kuti pane zvikamu zvingani zvakaenzana. Nhamba yepasi inonzi chirevazita, iyi nhamba inotaura kuti chinhu chizere (mhumburu) chakaumbwa nezvikamu zvakaenzana zvingani.

Kupiwa kwemazita

• Shoko reEnglish rokuti denominator rinoreva that which gives a name - kuChishona kwapiwa zita rokuti chirevazita - apa tichirevera kuti ndicho chakabata zita rezvikamu zvakaenzana zviri kuverengwa. Paya panonzi four-tenths kuEnglish kureva kuti chiro mhumburu chakakamurwa muzvikamu gumi zvakaenzana - apa chirevazita igumi rezvikamu zvakaenzana.
• Saka nhamba yepasi peRupande ndiyo inodudza kuti chiro mhumburu chakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvingani zvakaenzana.
• Shoko reEnglish rokuti numerator rinoreva that which is counted or the counter - saka kuChishona kwapiwa zita rokuti mberengi - apa kurevera kuti nhamba iyi ndiyo inodudza kuti zvikamu zviri kuverengwa. Paya panonzi four-sevenths kuEnglish kureva kuti mapande mana emasere zvakaenzana ndzvo zviri kucherechedzwa.
• Saka nhamba yepamusoro peRupande ndiyo inoverenga kuti tiri kutaura pamusoro pezvikamu zvingani kubva pane zvikamu zvose zvakaumba mhumburu.
• Shoko rokuti Rupande njee rinofanana nerekuti common fraction kuEnglish. Shoko rokuti njee rinoreva common kuEnglish.

Mhando dzeRupande

Rupande njee nemhando dzacho

Rupande njee inhamba yakanyorwa sezvinoti a/b. Apa a na b dzinenge dziri nhamba dzizere; a anonzi mberengi, b anonzi chirevazita. Mberengi inotaura kuti pane zvikamu zvakaenzanz zvingani. chirevazita chinotiudza kuti pane zvikamu zvingani zvakaenzana zvinoumba chizere chose uye hachifanirwe kuva zero. Pamuenzaniso 7/3 uye 5/9, mutsetse uri pakati penhamba mbiri unonzi mutsetse weRupande - fractional line.

Rupande njee chine mhando mbiri dzinoti Rupande rwakafanira uye Rupande rusakafanira.

• Rupande rwakafanira rune mberengi diki pane chirevazita. Nokumwe kutaura Rupande rwakafanira runofanirwa kuva nehuhombe huri pasi pana 1 (imwe), kureva kuti rupande urwu rune huhombe huri pakati pa 1 na -1. Mberengi nechirevazita zvinofanirwa kunge zvakakura kudarika zero.
• Rupande rwakafanira ndicho chinonzi proper fraction kuEnglish.
• Rupande rusakafanira chine mberengi yakakura hombe kudarika chirevazita.
• Rupande rusakafanira ndicho chinonzi improper fraction kuEnglish.

Rupande Rwakavhengana

Rupande rwakavhengana chinowanikwa panowedzaniswa nhamba izere neRupande rwakafanira; apa nhamba izere inenge isiri zero. Somuenzaniso kana kuchitaurwa makeke maviri pamwe nehafu yekeke inonyorwa ichinzi $2+{\tfrac {1}{2}}=2{\tfrac {1}{2}}$.

• Rupande rwakavhengana ndiro rinonzi mixed fraction kuEnglish

Rupande rwakavhengana imwe nzira yokunyora nhamba mhumburu ichiwedzaniswa neRupande rwakafanira. Rupande rwakavhengana runokwanisa kushandurwa kuva Rupande rusakafanira nenzira inotevera:

1. Nyora Rupande rwakavhengana sesvomhu; sokuti $2{\tfrac {3}{4}}$ yoshandurwa kuva $2+{\tfrac {3}{4}}$.

2. Shandura nhamba izere ive Rupande rusakafanira ruine chirevazita chakaenzana nedivi rine Rupande rwakafanira, ${\tfrac {8}{4}}+{\tfrac {3}{4}}$.

3. Wedzanisa mapande maviri aya. Hwerengedzo inowanikwa ipapa inenge iri Rupande rusakafanira. Pamuenzaniso wapiwa, $2{\tfrac {3}{4}}={\tfrac {11}{4}}$.

Zvinogonanwo kuti Rupande rusakafanira rushandurwe kuva Rupande rwakavhengana nenzira inotevera:

1. Gova mberengi nechirevazita. Pamusenzaniso uri pano, ${\tfrac {11}{4}}$, gova 11 na 4. 11 ÷ 4 = 2 uye pane musarirwa 3.

2. Mungani (pasina musarirwa) ndiyo nhamba inotaridza divi rine nhamba izere paRupande rwakavhengana. Musarirwa ndiwo unova mberengi padivi rine Rupande rwakafanira. Pamuenzaniso wedu, 2 ndiye nhamba izere, 3 ndiye mberengi padivi rine Rupande rwakafanira.

3. chirevazita chitsva chakaenzana nechirevazita cheRupande rusakafanira. Pamuenzaniso chirevazita ndi 4. Saka ${\tfrac {11}{4}}=2{\tfrac {3}{4}}$.

Rupande rwakavhengana runogona kuva nhamba yakademera (negative number in English), sezvizvi $-2{\tfrac {3}{4}}$, zvichibva zvaenzana sezvizvi $-(2+{\tfrac {3}{4}})=-2-{\tfrac {3}{4}}$.

Zvokucherechedza

• Chiri kunzi musarirwa pano ndicho chinonzi remainder kuEnglish.
• Chiri kunzi mungani pano ndicho chinonzi quotient kuEnglish. Shoko rokuti quotient rinoreva how many times.

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Rupande rweMuravanegumi

Shoko rokuti Rupande rweMuravanegumi riri kuturikira inonzi decimal fraction kuEnglish. Tarisai chinyorwa chinonzi Rupande rweMuravanegumi.

Mamwe Mazwi

• Chibimvu (A part) zvimwechete neRupande .
• Rupande (a portion, piece of anything broken, a chip of wood). Pakuwanda kwonzi mapande kana mhande.
• Ruth:3, .... Echinongeredza kudaro wakaguma kurupande rwomunda waBoaz: She happened to be in the part of the field that belonged to Boaz (kubva muBhaibheri reChiNdau).

Mitauro yeBantu

• VaChewa vanoti pande kana mapande (a small part of the whole) kureva rupande. VaMaconde vanoti shipande (n. piece; part).
• VaSwahili neVaGiryama vanoti upande kana pande (n. part) kureva chikamu. VaSwahili vanoti kipande kana vipande (Part) kureva chikamu.
• VaLenje vanoti chipande (piece; part). VaBemba vanoti cipande (n. part, piece) kureva rupande.
• VaGungu vanoti bibiri bya kasatu (n. two thirds) kureva zvikamu zviviri pazvitatu.