Викиречник

頭

Такође погледајте: 头
頭 U+982D, 頭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-982D
← 頬
[U+982C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 頮 →
[U+982E]

међународно


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Han character

頭 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+7, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一廿一月金 (MTMBC), четири-угла 11186, composition ⿰豆頁)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 1404, карактер 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 43490
  • Dae Jaweon: страна 1921, карактер 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: том 7, страна 4372, карактер 5
  • Unihan data за U+982D
Језици (7)
Northern Amami-Oshima • Oki-No-Erabu • Okinawan • Southern Amami-Oshima • Yaeyama • Yoron • Референце
Страна категорија

Кинески


трад. 頭
једн. 头
alternative forms 䫁
𥘖
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 頭
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 
Знакови у истом фонетском низу (豆) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Стари Кинески
侸
剅
郖
鬪
鋀
頭
豆
逗
痘
梪
脰
荳
浢
餖
毭
豎
裋
短

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : phonetic 豆 + semantic 頁／页 (“head”).

Etymology

Replaced earlier 首 (“head”) due to homophony with 手 (“hand”) (Sagart, 1999).

Several etymologies have been proposed:

Pronunciation 1

Lua грешка in Модул:wuu-pron at line 162: Incorrect tone notation "3" for sh. See WT:AZH/Wu..

Definitions

頭

  1. (anatomy) head (Класификатор: 個／个 m c)
    我頭不再痛了。／我头不再痛了。  ―  Wǒ tóu bùzài tòng le.  ―  My head doesn't hurt any more.
  2. hair; hairstyle
    洗頭／洗头  ―  xǐtóu  ―  to wash one's hair
    把頭剃光／把头剃光  ―  bǎ tóu tì guāng  ―  to shave one's head
  3. beginning or end
    從頭開始／从头开始  ―  cóng tóu kāishǐ  ―  to start from the beginning
  4. top; tip; end
    山頭／山头  ―  shāntóu  ―  top of a mountain
    火柴頭／火柴头  ―  huǒchái tóu  ―  tip of a match
  5. chief; boss; leader Галицијски
    工頭／工头  ―  gōngtóu  ―  foreman
    你們的頭兒是誰？ [MSC, trad.]
    你们的头儿是谁？ [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐmen de tóur shì shéi? [Pinyin]
    Who is your leader?
  6. remnant; end
    布頭兒／布头儿  ―  bùtóur  ―  oddment
    煙頭／烟头  ―  yāntóu  ―  cigarette bud
  7. first; leading
    頭獎／头奖  ―  tóujiǎng  ―  first prize; biggest prize
    頭班車／头班车  ―  tóu bān chē  ―  first bus
  8. (used before a classifier or a numeral) first
    頭一遍／头一遍  ―  tóu yī biàn  ―  the first time
    頭三天／头三天  ―  tóu sān tiān  ―  the first three days
    頭幾個／头几个  ―  tóu jǐge  ―  the first few
  9. (Hakka, Min Nan, dated in Mainland China) station
    車頭／车头 [Hokkien]  ―  車頭 [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  train station
  10. side; aspect
  11. Класификатор за livestock. ⇒ све именице користе овај класификатор
    我有兩頭豬。／我有两头猪。  ―  Wǒ yǒu liǎng tóu zhū.  ―  I have two pigs.
  12. (dialectal) Класификатор за other animals.
  13. (Min Bei) Класификатор за flowers.
Synonyms

Pronunciation 2

Lua грешка in Модул:wuu-pron at line 162: Incorrect tone notation "3" for sh. See WT:AZH/Wu..

Definitions

頭

  1. Suffix that forms nouns.
    1. Added to a noun.
      罐頭／罐头  ―  guàntou  ―  can; tin
      石頭／石头  ―  shítou  ―  rock
    2. Added to a locative word.
      裡頭／里头  ―  lǐtou  ―  inside
      前頭／前头  ―  qiántou  ―  front
    3. Added to a verb to form an abstract noun.
      念頭／念头  ―  niàntou  ―  thought; idea
    4. Added to an adjective to form an abstract noun.
      甜頭／甜头  ―  tiántou  ―  sweet taste; benefit

Compounds

Descendants

References

Јапански


Kanji

Шаблон:ja-kanji

  1. head
  2. counter for large animals

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
頭
あたま
Степен: 2
kun'yomi
 
Јапански Wikipedia has an article on:
Википедија ja
 
Енглески Wikipedia has an article on:
Википедија

Probably from Old Japanese. First cited in the ten-volume Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.[1]

Непознато derivation. Theories include:

  • Compound of 天玉 (a tama, literally “heaven, sky + ball”). This is problematic phonetically, as 天 appears historically as ama or ame, not as just a
  • Compound of 当て間 (ate ma, literally “putting something in contact + space, gap”), referring to the head as a moxibustion point. This is also problematic phonetically, as the shift from ate to ata necessitates a change in meaning of the underlying verb. This is also problematic semantically, as the 間 (ma) term refers more specifically to a gap or space.
  • Compound of 貴間 (ate ma, literally “noble + space”), referring to the most important part of the body. However, the use of 間 (ma) in this way is again problematic. Moreover, 貴 (ate, “noble”) appears in The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter dating to the 900s CE, while 頭 (atama) with a sense of fontanelle appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō dated 938 CE, leaving insufficient time for either the semantic or phonetic drift required.[1][2]

Historically, this term first appears with a sense of fontanelle, in reference to the soft place on the top of an infant's head where the bones of the skull have not yet fused. As such, a more likely derivation might be as a compound of 当た (ata, “not quite touching, not quite in contact”, possibly a fossilized 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of classical verb 当つ (atsu), root of modern 当たる (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)) +‎ 間 (ma, “space, gap, opening”).

Pronunciation

Noun

頭(あたま) (atama) 

  1. head (body part)
    頭(あたま)が痛(いた)い。
    Atama ga itai.
    My head hurts.
  2. (anatomy, archaic, possibly obsolete) the fontanelle part of the skull
Idioms

Further reading

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
頭
かしら
Степен: 2
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
首 (head of a doll)

From Old Japanese.[1] Found as a standalone noun in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, and as a counter in the Kojiki, dating to 712 CE.

Pronunciation

  • The pitch accent for the counter depends on the preceding noun.

Counter

頭(かしら) (-kashira) 

  1. a head, as when counting people, or cattle or other livestock

Noun

頭(かしら) (kashira) 

  1. the head as a whole
  2. boss, leader
  3. top part of a Chinese character
  4. the head of a doll
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
頭
かぶり
Степен: 2
kun'yomi

Cognate with and shift in meaning from かぶり (kaburi, “covering; hat, crown”), spelled in kanji as 被り or 冠.

Pronunciation

Noun

頭(かぶり) (kaburi) 

  1. head
Idioms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
頭
かぶ
Степен: 2
irregular

Cognate with 株(かぶ) (kabu, “stump; root”), from a general sense of lump.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

頭(かぶ) (kabu) 

  1. (obsolete) head
Derived terms

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
頭
つぶり
Степен: 2
irregular

Cognate with 粒 (tsubu, “round thing”, such as a grain), 禿ぶ (tsubu, “to go bald”, from the idea of one's head becoming round), 円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective), 潰れる (tsubureru, “to become rounded, as from wear and tear, or from crushing”).[1]

Some sources[2] derive this as a shift from 円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective). However, the phonology and semantics for this do not fit (changing /a/ to /i/, and repurposing the adjectivizing suffix ら to instead form a noun). The modern verb tsubureru had the form tsuburu in older stages of the language. The tsuburi reading for 頭 may more likely represent a nominalization derived from this older verb, following normal patterns for creating nouns from verbs.

Compare Okinawan ちぶる (chiburu, “head”).

Pronunciation

Noun

頭(つぶり) (tsuburi) 

  1. head

Etymology 6

Kanji in this term
頭
つむり
Степен: 2
irregular

From tsuburi above. Bilabial plosive /b/ becomes bilabial nasal /m/.

Pronunciation

Noun

頭(つむり) (tsumuri) 

  1. head
  2. hair of the head

Etymology 7

Kanji in this term
頭
つむ
Степен: 2
irregular

Shortened from tsumuri above.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

頭(つむ) (tsumu) 

  1. head
Derived terms

Etymology 8

Kanji in this term
頭
こうべ
Степен: 2
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
首

/kamipe/ → /kampe/ → /kaube/ → /kɔːbe/ → /koːbe/

Compound of either 上 (kami, “upper”) or 髪 (kami, “hair”) (likely cognates) with the suffix 方 (pe, “location, direction”).[1][2][4]

Alternatively, may be an alteration from 頭 (kabu, “head”) + 上 (ue, “up”).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

頭(こうべ) (kōbe) ←かうべ (kaube)?

  1. head
Derived terms

Etymology 9

Kanji in this term
頭
どたま
Степен: 2
irregular

Contraction of ど (do-, “super-”, often used ironically as a derogatory prefix) +‎ 頭 (atama, “head”).

Pronunciation

Noun

頭(どたま) (dotama) 

  1. (derogatory) head
Usage notes

Often spelled in hiragana, as どたま.

Etymology 10

Kanji in this term
頭
ず
Степен: 2
goon

/du/ → /d͡zu/ → /zu/

From Middle Chinese 頭. The goon reading, so likely an earlier borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

頭(ず) (zu) ←づ (du)?

  1. head
Usage notes

This reading is more often found in compounds, such as 頭痛 (zutsū, “a headache”).

Idioms

Etymology 11

Kanji in this term
頭
とう
Степен: 2
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 頭. The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. The shift from initial /d/ to voiceless /t/ is due to influence or reborrowing from a later stage of the Chinese language. Compare modern Мандарин reading tóu, Кантонски tau4, Min Nan tao5.

Pronunciation

Counter

頭(とう) or 頭(counter) (tō or counter) [[Категорија:Јапански Шаблон:error|とう]]

  1. counter for certain relatively large animals, or for livestock animals; "head"
    合(あ)わせて 1300(せんさんびゃく) 頭(とう)余(あま)りが出(しゅっ)荷(か)され、全(ぜん)国(こく)各(かく)地(ち)に流(りゅう)通(つう)した。
    Awasete sensanbyaku tō amari ga shukka sare, zenkoku kakuchi ni ryūtsū shita.
    Altogether over 1300 head of cattle have been distributed throughout the country.
    三(さん)頭(とう)の北(ホッ)極(キョク)熊(グマ)
    santō no Hokkyokuguma
    three polar bears
    一(いっ)頭(とう)の羊(ヒツジ)
    ittō no hitsuji
    one sheep
  2. counter for insects (used only in biology)
See also
Japanese number-counter combinations for 頭(とう) (tō)
1 2 3 4 5
一(いっ)頭(とう) (ittō) 二(に)頭(とう) (nitō) 三(さん)頭(とう) (santō) 四(よん)頭(とう) (yontō) 五(ご)頭(とう) (gotō)
6 7 8 9 10
六(ろく)頭(とう) (rokutō) 七(なな)頭(とう) (nanatō)
七(しち)頭(とう) (shichitō) 		八(はっ)頭(とう) (hattō)
八(はち)頭(とう) (hachitō) 		九(きゅう)頭(とう) (kyūtō) 十(じゅっ)頭(とう) (juttō)
十(じっ)頭(とう) (jittō)
100 1,000 10,000 How many?
百(ひゃく)頭(とう) (hyakutō) 千(せん)頭(とう) (sentō) 一(いち)万(まん)頭(とう) (ichimantō) 何(なん)頭(とう) (nantō)

Noun

頭(とう) (tō) 

  1. head
Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,7 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Јапански), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2,00 2,01 2,02 2,03 2,04 2,05 2,06 2,07 2,08 2,09 2,10 2,11 2,12 2,13 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  3. ↑ 3,00 3,01 3,02 3,03 3,04 3,05 3,06 3,07 3,08 3,09 3,10 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
  4. ↑ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN  4-09-501211-0

Корејски


Etymology

From Middle Chinese 頭.

Historical readings

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:
[[wikisource:ko:Special:Search/"頭"|頭]]

Wikisource

頭 (eumhun 머리 두 (meori du))

  1. Hanja form? of 두 (“head”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Northern Amami-Oshima

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

Kanji

頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

Noun

頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

  1. head

Oki-No-Erabu

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

Kanji

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

Noun

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

  1. head
  2. an intelligent person

Okinawan

Kanji

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

Etymology

Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

Noun

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

  1. head
  2. an intelligent person

Derived terms

Изведени термини
  • 頭病ん (ちぶるやん, chiburuyan, “headache”)

Southern Amami-Oshima

Etymology

Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

Kanji

頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

Noun

頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

  1. head

Вијетнамски


Han character

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yaeyama

Etymology

Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

Kanji

頭 (hiragana つぶり, romaji tsuburi, hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu, hiragana つぃぶるぃ, romaji tsiburi)

Noun

頭 (hiragana つぶり, romaji tsuburi, hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu, hiragana つぃぶるぃ, romaji tsiburi)

  1. head

Yoron

Etymology

Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

Kanji

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

Noun

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

  1. head
  2. an intelligent person

頭 (кинески)

 
Објашњење.

Изговор:

пинјин: tóu  
Аудио:  (датотека)
Шаблон:zh-cir

Радикал:

頁 181

Шаблон:Karakter

Значења:

...

Примери:

  „Откривење, глава 13”

—
  1. 12 他在頭一個獸面前、施行頭一個獸所有的權柄．並且叫地和住在地上的人、拜那死傷醫好的頭一個獸。
    1. 12 Tā zài tóu yīgè shòu miànqián, shīxíng tou yīgè shòu suǒyǒu de quánbǐng. Bìngqiě jiào de hé zhù zài dìshàng de rén, bài nà sǐshāng yī hǎo de tóu yīgè shòu.
      1. 12. И сву власт прве звери чињаше пред њом; и учини да земља и који живе на њој поклони се првој звери којој се исцели рана смртна.
        1. Откр. 17:8
          1. 11 13

Синоними:

...


Хомофони:

...

Серија:

  1. 系列#0381（豆）：

Хомографи:

...

ХСК ниво:

...

Асоцијације:

...

Изведене речи:

...


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頭


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Референце

  • [archchinese.com [2]]
  • [Biblija [3]]
  • [wordproject.org [4]]
Преузето из „https://sr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=頭&oldid=674351”
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