Shahnameh

Shahnameh au Shah-nama (far. شاهنامه Kitabu cha Wafalme) ni shairi refu lililotungwa na mshairi Mwajemi Ferdowsi.

Linatazamwa kuwa shairi la kitaifa la Iran, Afghanistan na Tajikistan. Pia kuhesabiwa kati ya matini muhimu zaidi ya fasihi ya Iran pamoja na nchi jirani kama vile Uturuki, Georgia na Armenia.

Ferdowsi alitunga shairi hili mnamo mwaka 977 na 1010 BK katika muda wa miaka 35 hivi.

Muundo wa Shahnameh

Shairi hili lina beti 50,000 zinazosimulia historia ya Uajemi hasa kabla ya uvamizi wa Waarabu na Uislamu uliotokea katika karne ya 7 BK.

Chanzo cha habari ni uumbaji wa dunia halafu yanafuata masimulizi kuhusu jinsi gani mfalme wa Iran wa kwanza aliwafundisha watu wake kutumia moto, upishi, uhunzi, sheria na kuwapa sikukuu.

Mlango wa 4 unafuata na habari za mfalme mshujaa Jamshid anayeleta mema mengi kwa watu lakini anajisikia kuwa kama Mungu na kupinduliwa na mhunzi Kaveh pamoja na Fereydun. Wana watatu wa Fereydun ni Iraj, Tur na Selm wanaogawanya ardhi ya Iran kati yao. Ugawaji huu unasababisha uuaji wa kwanza kati ya ndugu hao, Iraj akiuawa na kaka zake. Hapa masimulizi yanaeleza uadui kati ya Iran yenyewe na Turan, nchi za Asia ya Kati.

Manucheri mwana wa Iraj analipiza kisasi kwa uaji wa babake na kutawala nchi. Katika kipindi hiki kuna pia masimulizi ya Sama, mwanawe Zal, upendo wa Zal kwa binti mrembo Rudabeh na kuzaliwa kwa mwanawe mshujaa Rostam.

Mfalme Nowzar aliyemfuata Manucheri anashindwa vitani, kushikwa na maadui wa Turani na kuuawa. Mshujaa Rostam anaongoza jeshi la Iran vitani dhidi ya mfalme Afrasiab wa Turan. Katika mapigano ya kwanza Rostam anafaulu kumshika Afrasiab kwenye ukanda wake lakinu ukanda unakatika na mfalme anaweza kutoroka. Hivyo vita inapaswa kuendelea kwa miaka mingi. ......

Masimulizi yanaendelea hadi uvamizi wa Waarabu.

Tanbihi

Marejeo

Shirzad Aghaee, Imazh-ha-ye mehr va mah dar Shahnama-ye Ferdousi (Sun and Moon in the Shahnama of Ferdousi, Spånga, Sweden, 1997. (ISBN 91-630-5369-1)
Shirzad Aghaee, Nam-e kasan va ja'i-ha dar Shahnama-ye Ferdousi (Personalities and Places in the Shahnama of Ferdousi, Nyköping, Sweden, 1993. (ISBN 91-630-1959-0)

Toleo la Kifarsi

A. E. Bertels (editor), Shax-nāme: Kriticheskij Tekst, nine volumes (Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 1960–71) (scholarly Persian text)
Jalal Khāleghi Motlagh (editor), The Shahnameh, in 12 volumes consisting of eight volumes of text and four volumes of explanatory notes. (Bibliotheca Persica, 1988–2009) (scholarly Persian text). See: Center for Iranian Studies, Columbia University.

Matoleo yaliyorekebishwa

Rostam: Tales from the Shahnameh (Publisher: Hyperwerks 2005), The Story of Rostam & Sohrab Ilihifadhiwa 6 Agosti 2014 kwenye Wayback Machine. ISBN 0-9770213-1-9, modern English graphic novel.
Rostam: Return of the King (Publisher: Hyperwerks 2007), The Story of Kai-Kavous and Soodabeh Ilihifadhiwa 6 Agosti 2014 kwenye Wayback Machine. ISBN 0-9770213-2-7, modern English graphic novel.
Rostam: Battle with The Deevs (Publisher: Hyperwerks 2008), The Story of The Evil White Deev Ilihifadhiwa 1 Aprili 2009 kwenye Wayback Machine. ISBN 978-0-9770213-3-8, modern English graphic novel.
Rostam: Search for the King (Publisher: Hyperwerks 2010), The Story of Rostam's Childhood Ilihifadhiwa 19 Januari 2011 kwenye Wayback Machine. ISBN 978-0-9770213-4-5, modern English graphic novel.

Viungo vya nje

Iraj Bashiri, Characters of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, Iran Chamber Society, 2003.
Encyclopædia Iranica entry on Baysonghori Shahnameh
Folios from the Great Mongol Shahnama at the Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Shahnameh Project Ilihifadhiwa 28 Oktoba 2017 kwenye Wayback Machine., Cambridge University (includes large database of miniatures)
Ancient Iran’s Geographical Position in Shah-Nameh

Tafsiri yz Kiingereza

Helen Zimmern, 1883, Iran Chamber Society, MIT Ilihifadhiwa 6 Januari 2011 kwenye Wayback Machine.
Arthur and Edmond Warner, 1905–1925, (in nine volumes) at the Internet Archive: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
A king's book of kings: the Shah-nameh of Shah Tahmasp, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF)

Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya fasihi bado ni mbegu.
Je, unajua kitu kuhusu Shahnameh kama historia yake, uenezi au maendeleo yake?
Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa?
Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari.