Swiza

Konfederasyon Swiza
Konfederasyon Swiza; Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (de); Confédération suisse (fr); Confederazione Svizzera (it); Confederaziun svizra (rm); Confoederatio Helvetica (CH) (la)
	Bandira Eskudo
	Darahonon: (diri-opisyal) "Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno" (Linatin); Winaray: Usa ha ngatanan, ngatanan ha usa; Inaleman: Einer für alle, alle für einen; Frinanses: Un pour tous, tous pour un; Initalyano: Uno per tutti, tutti per uno; Rinumansh: In per tuts, tuts per in
	Awit: "Salmo nga Swiza"
	Kahamutang han Swiza (masirom nga lunghaw) ha kontinente nga Europeo (masirom nga grey) — [Legend]
Pamunuan	Bern
Gidako-i nga syudad	Zürich
Opisyal nga mga pinulungan	German,; French,; Italian,; Romansh
(Mga) Tawag hin tawo	Swiss
Kagamhanan	Federal state, with parliamentary system and direct democracy
• Federal Council	Moritz Leuenberger (VP 10); Micheline Calmy-Rey ; Hans-Rudolf Merz; Doris Leuthard (Pres. 10); Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf; Ueli Maurer; Didier Burkhalter
• Federal Chancellor	Corina Casanova
Magbabalaod	Federal Assembly
• Igbaw nga balay	Council of States
• Ubos nga balay	National Council
Independence
• Foundation date	1 August 1291
• de facto	22 Septyembre 1499
• Recognized	24 Oktubre 1648
• Restored	7 Agosto 1815
• Federal state	12 Septyembre 1848
Langyab
• Bug-os	41,284 km2 (15,940 sq mi) (136th)
• Katubigan (%)	4.2
Kamolupyohan
• 2009 estimate	7,771,600 (94th)
• 2007 nga census	7,593,500
• Densidad	188/km2 (486.9/sq mi) (65th)
GDP (PPP)	2008 nga banabana
• Bug-os	$315.768 billion (38th)
• Per capita	$43,195 (7th)
GDP (nominal)	2008 nga banabana
• Bug-os	$500.260 billion (21st)
• Per capita	$68,433 (4th)
Gini (2000)	33.7; medium
HDI (2017)	▲ 0.944; hataas hin duro · ika-2
Salapi	Swiss franc (CHF)
Zona hin oras	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Dapit hin pagmanehar	right
Kodigo hin pagtawag	+41
Internet TLD	.ch

An Swiza o Swisa (Inaleman: die Schweiz,^{[note 3]} Frinanses: Suisse, Initalyano: Svizzera, Rinumansh: Svizra; Kinatsila: Suiza; Iningles: Switzerland), nga an opisyal nga pagtawag Konfederasyon Swiza (Linatin: Confoederatio Helvetica, amo an pagpahalipot CH; Inaleman: Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft; Frinanses: Confédération Suisse; Initalyano: Confederazione Svizzera; Rinumansh: Confederaziun Svizra; Kinatsila: Confederación Suiza; Ininglis: Swiss Confederation), usa nga federal nga republika nga nahimo tikang hin 26 ka kanton, ngan an Bern amo an lingkoranan han mga kagamhanan federal. Nahamutang an nasod ha Katundan nga Europa,^{[note 4]} nga diin ginsasapitan ini han Alemanya ha amihanan, han Fransya ha katundan, han Italya ha salatan, ngan han Austrya ngan Liechtenstein ha sidlangan.

Dinalikyat	Canton	Tikang	Ulohan	Katawhan^[1]	Kahaluag^[2]	Kahuot^[3]	Ihap han mga munisipyo^[4]	Mga opisyal nga yinaknan
ZH	Zurich	1351	Zürich	1,307,567	1,729	701	171	German
BE	Berne	1353	Berne	962,982	5,959	158	395	German, French
LU	Lucerne	1332	Lucerne	363,475	1,493	233	96	German
UR	Uri	1291	Altdorf	34,989	1,077	33	20	German
SZ	Schwyz	1291	Schwyz	141,024	908	143	30	German
OW	Obwalden (Obwald)	1291	Sarnen	33,997	491	66	7	German
NW	Nidwalden (Nidwald)	1291	Stans	40,287	276	138	11	German
GL	Glarus	1352	Glarus	38,237	685	51	25	German
ZG	Zug	1352	Zug	109,141	239	416	11	German
FR	Fribourg	1481	Fribourg	263,241	1,671	141	168	French, German
SO	Solothurn	1481	Solothurn	250,240	791	308	125	German
BS	Basel-Stadt (Basel-City)	1501 (part of Basel until 1833)	Basel	185,227	37	5,072	3	German
BL	Basel-Landschaft (Basel-Country)	1501 (part of Basel until 1833)	Liestal	269,145	518	502	86	German
SH	Schaffhausen	1501	Schaffhausen	74,527	298	246	32	German
AR	Appenzell Ausserrhoden (Outer Rhodes)	1513 (part of Appenzell until 1597)	Herisau / Trogen^[5]	52,654	243	220	20	German
AI	Appenzell Innerrhoden (Inner Rhodes)	1513 (part of Appenzell until 1597)	Appenzell	15,471	173	87	6	German
SG	St. Gallen (St. Gall)	1803	St. Gallen	465,937	2,026	222	88	German
GR	Graubünden (Grisons)	1803	Chur	188,762	7,105	26	203	German, Romansh, Italian
AG	Aargau (Argovia)	1803	Aarau	581,562	1,404	388	229	German
TG	Thurgau (Thurgovia)	1803	Frauenfeld / Weinfelden^[6]	238,316	991	229	80	German
TI	Ticino	1803	Bellinzona	328,580	2,812	110	190	Italian
VD	Vaud	1803	Lausanne	672,039	3,212	188	376	French
VS	Valais	1815	Sion	298,580	5,224	53	153	French, German
NE	Neuchâtel	1815	Neuchâtel	169,782	803	206	62	French
GE	Geneva	1815	Geneva	438,177	282	1,442	45	French
JU	Jura	1979 (previously part of Bern)	Delémont	69,555	838	82	83	French
CH	Switzerland		Bern	7,593,494	41,285	174	2,715	German, French, Italian, Romansh

Mga pabaro

↑ De jure "federal city"; de facto capital. Because of historical federalist sensibilities, Swiss law does not designate a formal capital, and some federal institutions such as courts are located in other cities.
↑ Traditional. The Federal Charter only mentions "early August" and the treaty is a renewal of an older one, now lost.
↑ An Swiza nga Inaleman nga ngaran agsob gihapon ginsusurat nga Schwyz o Schwiiz. An Schwyz amo gihapon an istandard nga Inaleman (ngan panlangyaw) nga ngaran hin usa han mga Swiza nga kanton.
↑ O kundi man Butnga nga Europa depende hit kahulogan. Kitaa an Heyograpiya han Swiza.

Pinanbasaran

↑ Federal Constitution Ginhipos 2009-11-01 han Wayback Machine, article 4, "National languages" : National languages are German, French, Italian and Romansh; Federal Constitution Ginhipos 2008-09-19 han Wayback Machine, article 70, "Languages", paragraph 1: The official languages of the Confederation are German, French and Italian. Romansh shall be an official language for communicating with persons of Romansh language.
↑ A solemn declaration of the Tagsatzung Ginhipos 2016-07-14 han Wayback Machine declared the Federal Constitution adopted on 12 Septyembre 1848. A resolution of the Tagsatzung Ginhipos 2016-07-14 han Wayback Machine of 14 Septyembre 1848 specified that the powers of the institutions provided for by the 1815 Federal Treaty would expire at the time of the constitution of the Federal Council, which took place on 16 Nobyembre 1848.
↑ "Population size and population composition". Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel. 2009. Ginkuhà 2009-08-27.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 "Switzerland". International Monetary Fund. Ginkuhà 1 Oktubre 2009.
↑ "2018 Human Development Report". United Nations Development Programme. 2018. Ginhipos tikang han orihinal han 2018-09-14. Ginkuhà 14 Septyembre 2018.

Bibliograpiya

Church, Clive H. (2004) The Politics and Government of Switzerland. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-69277-2.
Dalton, O.M. (1927) The History of the Franks, by Gregory of Tours. Oxford: The Clarendon Press.
Fahrni, Dieter. (2003) An Outline History of Switzerland. From the Origins to the Present Day. 8th enlarged edition. Pro Helvetia, Zürich. ISBN 3-908102-61-8
von Matt, Peter: Das Kalb vor der Gotthardpost. Zur Literatur und Politik in der Schweiz. Carl Hanser Verlag, München, 2012, ISBN 978-3-446-23880-0, S. 127–138.
Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (2002–). Published electronically and in print simultaneously in three national languages of Switzerland.

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Dugang nga pamiling mahitungod han Switzerland ha kanan Wikipedia mga bugto nga proyekto:
	Mga kasirigngon tikang ha Wiktionary
	Sarigan nga basahon tikang ha Wikibooks
	Mga hulád tikang ha Wikiquote
	Gintikangan nga mga kasuratan tikang ha Wikisource
	Mga imahe ngan medya tikang ha Commons
	Mga sumat notisya tikang ha Wikinews
	Pagkukuhaan hin pagtuon tikang ha Wikiversity

An Wikibooks Cookbook in may-ada recipe/module ha

Swiza

Gobyerno

Reperensya

Switzerland Ginhipos 2008-06-07 han Wayback Machine at UCB Libraries GovPubs.
Switzerland entry at Encyclopædia Britannica.
Swiza ngada ha Open Directory Project
Switzerland profile from the BBC News.
Switzerland nga entrada ha The World Factbook

Heyograpiya

Wikimedia Atlas han Switzerland
Federal Office of Topography Ginhipos 2014-10-12 han Wayback Machine
Searchable interactive map (search.ch)
Datos Heyograpiko nga may pagkahisumpay han Swiza ha OpenStreetMap

Biyahe

Tourism

Kaagi

(Inaleman) (Frinanses) (Initalyano) Historical Dictionary of Switzerland Ginhipos 2010-02-17 han Wayback Machine
Swiss American Historical Society Ginhipos 2018-12-19 han Wayback Machine

Mga yinaknan

swiss-linguistics.com Ginhipos 2012-04-22 han Wayback Machine, a portal on current linguistic research in Switzerland.

News media

Daily newspapers
- (Inaleman) Tages-Anzeiger
- (Inaleman) Neue Zürcher Zeitung
- (Frinanses) Le Temps
- (Initalyano) Corriere Del Ticino
swissinfo.ch, Swiss News – Worldwide

Pag-aram

Syensya, panhalikwat ngan teknolohiya

State Secretariat for Education and Research, SER
The Swiss Portal for Research and Innovation (private source).

Mga Nasod ha Europa

An Wikimedia Commons mayda media nga nahahanungod han: Switzerland

[1] De jure "federal city"; de facto capital. Because of historical federalist sensibilities, Swiss law does not designate a formal capital, and some federal institutions such as courts are located in other cities.

[3] Traditional. The Federal Charter only mentions "early August" and the treaty is a renewal of an older one, now lost.

[8] An Swiza nga Inaleman nga ngaran agsob gihapon ginsusurat nga Schwyz o Schwiiz. An Schwyz amo gihapon an istandard nga Inaleman (ngan panlangyaw) nga ngaran hin usa han mga Swiza nga kanton.

[9] O kundi man Butnga nga Europa depende hit kahulogan. Kitaa an Heyograpiya han Swiza.

[2] Federal Constitution Ginhipos 2009-11-01 han Wayback Machine, article 4, "National languages" : National languages are German, French, Italian and Romansh; Federal Constitution Ginhipos 2008-09-19 han Wayback Machine, article 70, "Languages", paragraph 1: The official languages of the Confederation are German, French and Italian. Romansh shall be an official language for communicating with persons of Romansh language.

[4] A solemn declaration of the Tagsatzung Ginhipos 2016-07-14 han Wayback Machine declared the Federal Constitution adopted on 12 Septyembre 1848. A resolution of the Tagsatzung Ginhipos 2016-07-14 han Wayback Machine of 14 Septyembre 1848 specified that the powers of the institutions provided for by the 1815 Federal Treaty would expire at the time of the constitution of the Federal Council, which took place on 16 Nobyembre 1848.

[Population-5] "Population size and population composition". Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel. 2009. Ginkuhà 2009-08-27.

[imf2-6] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 "Switzerland". International Monetary Fund. Ginkuhà 1 Oktubre 2009.

[HDI-7] "2018 Human Development Report". United Nations Development Programme. 2018. Ginhipos tikang han orihinal han 2018-09-14. Ginkuhà 14 Septyembre 2018.

[note 3]

[note 4]

[note 1]

[1]

[note 2]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

Konfederasyon Swiza Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (de) Confédération suisse (fr) Confederazione Svizzera (it) Confederaziun svizra (rm) Confoederatio Helvetica (CH) (la)
Bandira Eskudo
Darahonon: (diri-opisyal) "Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno" (Linatin) Winaray: Usa ha ngatanan, ngatanan ha usa Inaleman: Einer für alle, alle für einen Frinanses: Un pour tous, tous pour un Initalyano: Uno per tutti, tutti per uno Rinumansh: In per tuts, tuts per in
Awit: "Salmo nga Swiza"
Kahamutang han Swiza (masirom nga lunghaw) ha kontinente nga Europeo (masirom nga grey) — [Legend]
Pamunuan	Bern^{[note 1]}
Gidako-i nga syudad	Zürich
Opisyal nga mga pinulungan	German, French, Italian, Romansh^[1]
(Mga) Tawag hin tawo	Swiss
Kagamhanan	Federal state, with parliamentary system and direct democracy

• Federal Council	Moritz Leuenberger (VP 10) Micheline Calmy-Rey Hans-Rudolf Merz Doris Leuthard (Pres. 10) Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf Ueli Maurer Didier Burkhalter
• Federal Chancellor	Corina Casanova

Magbabalaod	Federal Assembly
• Igbaw nga balay	Council of States
• Ubos nga balay	National Council
Independence

• Foundation date	1 August^{[note 2]} 1291
• de facto	22 Septyembre 1499
• Recognized	24 Oktubre 1648
• Restored	7 Agosto 1815
• Federal state	12 Septyembre 1848^[2]

Langyab
• Bug-os	41,284 km² (15,940 sq mi) (136th)
• Katubigan (%)	4.2
Kamolupyohan
• 2009 estimate	7,771,600^[3] (94th)
• 2007 nga census	7,593,500
• Densidad	188/km² (486.9/sq mi) (65th)
GDP (PPP)	2008 nga banabana
• Bug-os	$315.768 billion^[4] (38th)
• Per capita	$43,195^[4] (7th)
GDP (nominal)	2008 nga banabana
• Bug-os	$500.260 billion^[4] (21st)
• Per capita	$68,433^[4] (4th)
Gini (2000)	33.7 medium
HDI (2017)	▲ 0.944^[5] hataas hin duro · ika-2
Salapi	Swiss franc (CHF)
Zona hin oras	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Dapit hin pagmanehar	right
Kodigo hin pagtawag	+41
Internet TLD	.ch