Tsino (yinaknan)
(Ginredirect tikang ha Tsinino nga pinulongan)
An Yinaknan Tsino, Tsinino o Inintsik amo an yinaknan nga ginluluwas han mga Tsino ha Tsina ngan iba pa nga lugar. An Tsinino (ginyano nga Tsinino: 汉语; minat-an nga Tsinino: 漢語; pinyin: Hànyǔ; ha literal: "Han nga pinulongan"; o kundi man Tsinino: 中文; pinyin: Zhōngwén; ha literal: "Tsino nga pagsurat") amo in grupo hin mga nahanunungod, kundi ha damo nga mga kaso diri nagkakaintindihan, nga mga variedad hin pinulongan, nga naghihimo hin sanga han Sino-Tibetano nga pamilya hin pinulongan. Ginyayakan it Tsinino han Han nga kadam'an o mayoriya ngan damo pa nga iba nga mga ethniko nga grupo ha Tsina. Haros 1.2 ka bilyon nga katawhan (mga 16% han kamolupyohan han kalibotan) nayakan hin porma hin Tsinino nga ira syahan nga pinulongan.
| Tsinino | |
|---|---|
| 汉语/漢語 Hànyǔ o kundi man 中文 Zhōngwén | |
 | |
| Tuminongnong ha | Kanan Katawhan Republika han Tsina, Republika han Tsina (Taiwan), Singgapura |
| Ethnikohanon | Han nga Tsino |
Tuminongnong nga mga nayakan | 1.2 ka bilyon (2004)[1] |
|
Sino-Tibetan
| |
Sayó nga mga porma | |
Mga standard nga porma | |
| Mga diyalekto | |
|
Ginyano nga Tsinino Minat-an nga Tsinino Transcriptions: Zhuyin Pinyin (Linatin) Xiao'erjing (Inarabo) Dungan (Cyrillic) Tsino nga Braille 'Phags-pa script (ha kaagi) | |
| Opisyal nga status | |
Opisyal nga pinulongan ha | |
| Gin-reregulate han |
National Commission on Language and Script Work (China)[2] National Languages Committee (Taiwan) Civil Service Bureau (Hong Kong) Promote Mandarin Council (Singapore) Chinese Language Standardisation Council (Malaysia) |
| Mga kodigo hin pinulongan | |
| ISO 639-1 |
zh |
| ISO 639-2 |
chi (B) zho (T) |
| ISO 639-3 |
zho – inclusive codeIndividual codes: cdo – Min Dong cjy – Jinyu cmn – Minandarin cpx – Pu Xian czh – Huizhou czo – Min Zhong gan – Gan hak – Hakka hsn – Xiang mnp – Min Bei nan – Min Nan wuu – Wu yue – Yue och – Daan nga Tsinino ltc – Urhe nga Namumutnga nga Tsinino lzh – Klasikal nga Tsinino |
| Glottolog |
sini1245 |
| Linguasphere |
79-AAA |
 Map of the Sinophone world Legend: Countries identified Chinese as a primary, administrative, or native language Countries with more than 5,000,000 Chinese speakers Countries with more than 1,000,000 Chinese speakers Countries with more than 500,000 Chinese speakers Countries with more than 100,000 Chinese speakers Major Chinese-speaking settlements | |
| Mga Tsino nga yinaknan (Ginyayakan) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Minat-an nga Tsinino | 漢語 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yinano nga Tsinino | 汉语 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal nga kahulogan | Han nga pinulongan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tsinino nga pinulongan (Ginsusurat) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tsinino | 中文 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal nga kahulogan | Butnga/Sentral/Tsino nga texto | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kitaa gihapon
igliwatMga reperensya
igliwat- ↑ Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (2012), p. 3.
- ↑ china-language.gov.cn Ginhipos 2015-12-18 han Wayback Machine (Tsinino)
- Literatura
- Baxter, William H. (1992), A Handbook of Old Chinese Phonology, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, ISBN.
- Coblin, W. South (2000), "A brief history of Mandarin", Journal of the American Oriental Society, 120 (4): 537–552, JSTOR 606615.
- DeFrancis, John (1984), The Chinese Language: Fact and Fantasy, University of Hawaii Press, ISBN.
- Handel, Zev (2008), "What is Sino-Tibetan? Snapshot of a Field and a Language Family in Flux", Language and Linguistics Compass, 2 (3): 422–441, doi:10.1111/j.1749-818X.2008.00061.x.
- Kane, Daniel (2006), The Chinese Language: Its History and Current Usage, Tuttle Publishing, ISBN.
- Kornicki, P.F. (2011), "A transnational approach to East Asian book history", ha Chakravorty, Swapan; Gupta, Abhijit (eds.), New Word Order: Transnational Themes in Book History, Worldview Publications, pp. 65–79, ISBN.
- Kurpaska, Maria (2010), Chinese Language(s): A Look Through the Prism of "The Great Dictionary of Modern Chinese Dialects", Walter de Gruyter, ISBN.
- Lewis, M. Paul; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2013), Ethnologue: Languages of the World (Seventeenth ed.), Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
- Mair, Victor H. (1991), "What Is a Chinese "Dialect/Topolect"? Reflections on Some Key Sino-English Linguistic terms" (PDF), Sino-Platonic Papers, 29: 1–31.
- Matthews, Stephen; Yip, Virginia (1994), Cantonese: A Comprehensive Grammar, Routledge.
- Miller, Roy Andrew (1967), The Japanese Language, University of Chicago Press, ISBN.
- Miyake, Marc Hideo (2004), Old Japanese: A Phonetic Reconstruction, RoutledgeCurzon, ISBN.
- Norman, Jerry (1988), Chinese, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN.
- —— (2003), "The Chinese dialects: phonology", ha Thurgood, Graham; LaPolla, Randy J. (eds.) (eds.), The Sino-Tibetan languages, Routledge, pp. 72–83, ISBN.CS1 maint: extra text: editors list (link)
- Ramsey, S. Robert (1987), The Languages of China, Princeton University Press, ISBN.
- Schuessler, Axel (2007), ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, ISBN.
- Shibatani, Masayoshi (1990), The Languages of Japan, Cambridge University Press, ISBN.
- Sohn, Ho-Min (2001), The Korean Language, Cambridge University Press, ISBN.
- Sohn, Ho-Min; Lee, Peter H. (2003), "Language, forms, prosody, and themes", ha Lee, Peter H. (ed.), A History of Korean Literature, Cambridge University Press, pp. 15–51, ISBN.
- Wilkinson, Endymion (2000), Chinese history: a manual (2nd ed.), Harvard Univ Asia Center, ISBN.
- Wurm, Stephen Adolphe; Li, Rong; Baumann, Theo; Lee, Mei W. (1987), Language Atlas of China, Longman, ISBN.
- Zhang, Bennan; Yang, Robin R. (2004), "Putonghua education and language policy in postcolonial Hong Kong", ha Zhou, Minglang (ed.) (ed.), Language policy in the People's Republic of China: theory and practice since 1949, Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 143–161, ISBN.CS1 maint: extra text: editors list (link)
Padugang nga barasahon
igliwat- Hannas, William C. (1997), Asia's Orthographic Dilemma, University of Hawaii Press, ISBN.
- Qiu, Xigui (2000), Chinese Writing, trans. Gilbert Louis Mattos and Jerry Norman, Society for the Study of Early China and Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, ISBN.
- Ramsey, S. Robert (1987), The Languages of China, Princeton University Press, ISBN.
- Schuessler, Axel (2007), ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, ISBN.
- R. L. G. "Language borrowing Why so little Chinese in English?" The Economist. June 6, 2013.
Mga sumpay ha gawas
igliwat
Tsino (yinaknan) nga edisyon han Wikipedia, an gawasnon nga ensayklopedya