Alan Turing

Hi Alan Mathison Turing (23 Hunyo, 1912 – 7 Hunyo, 1954) hya an usa ka Briton nga matematiko, lohiko, cryptanalista, ngan syentipiko ha kompyuter. Ginkikilala hiya nga amay han teyorya han syensya han kompyuter ngan artipisyal nga kinaadman. Durante han Girra ha Kalibotan II, an Turing may-ada importante nga papel ha pag-break han Aleman nga Enigma code, nga nakabulig gud ha kadaogan han mga Alyado. Makasurubo, gintimaraot hiya tungod han iya homoseksuwalidad ngan namatay han 1954 ha edad nga 41. An buhat ni Turing amo an nagpatikang han moderno nga kompyuter, ngan usa pa gihapon hiya nga importante nga tawo ha kasaysayan han syensya ngan teknolohiya.

Alan Turing
Turing at the time of his election to Fellowship of the Royal Society.
Natawo	Alan Mathison Turing 23 Hunyo 1912(1912-06-23) Maida Vale, London, England, Reino Unido
Namatay	7 Hunyo 1954 (edad 41) Wilmslow, Cheshire, England, United Kingdom
Taga	Reino Unido
Nasodhanon	British
Mga larangan	Matematika, Cryptanalysis, Computer science
Mga instituto	Unibersidad han Cambridge Government Code and Cypher School National Physical Laboratory University of Manchester
Alma mater	King's College, Cambridge Unibersidad han Princeton
Nagsagdon han pagdodoktor niya	Alonzo Church
Mga tinudlo niya han pagdodoktor	Robin Gandy
Nakilala mahitungod han	Halting problem Turing machine Cryptanalysis of the Enigma Automatic Computing Engine Turing Award Turing test Turing patterns
Mga dagko nga pahidungog	Officer of the Order of the British Empire Fellow of the Royal Society

Mga reperensrya

• Agar, Jon (2003). The government machine: a revolutionary history of the computer. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-01202-7. https://archive.org/details/governmentmachin0000agar. 
• Alexander, C. Hugh O'D. (c. 1945). "Cryptographic History of Work on the German Naval Enigma". The National Archives, Kew, Reference HW 25/1.
• Beniger, James (1986). The control revolution: technological and economic origins of the information society. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-16986-7. 
• Babbage, Charles (1864). Campbell-Kelly, Martin. ed. Passages from the life of a philosopher. Rough Draft Printing. 2008. ISBN 978-1-60386-092-5. 
• Beavers, Anthony (2013). "Alan Turing: Mathematical Mechanist". In Cooper, S. Barry; van Leeuwen, Jan. Alan Turing: His Work and Impact. Waltham: Elsevier. pp. 481–485. ISBN 978-0-12-386980-7. http://books.google.co.nz/books?id=C9WQbm4ovFoC&pg=PA481&dq=alan+turing+father+of+computer+science&hl=en&sa=X&ei=eUC5Usn0LoWfkwWHkIDAAg&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q&f=false. 
• Bodanis, David (2005). Electric Universe: How Electricity Switched on the Modern World. New York: Three Rivers Press. ISBN 0-307-33598-4. OCLC 61684223. https://archive.org/details/electricuniverse0000boda_a1q6. 
• Bruderer, Herbert: Konrad Zuse und die Schweiz. Wer hat den Computer erfunden? Charles Babbage, Alan Turing und John von Neumann Oldenbourg Verlag, München 2012, XXVI, 224 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-486-71366-4
• Campbell-Kelly, Martin; Aspray, William (1996). Computer: A History of the Information Machine. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-02989-2. https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780465029907. 
• Ceruzzi, Paul (1998). A History of Modern Computing. Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London: MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-53169-0. https://archive.org/details/historyofmodernc00ceru. 
• Chandler, Alfred (1977). The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press. ISBN 0-674-94052-0. https://archive.org/details/visiblehand02chan. 
• Church, Alonzo (1936). "An Unsolvable Problem of Elementary Number Theory". American Journal of Mathematics. 58 (2): 345. doi:10.2307/2371045. ISSN 0002-9327.
• Copeland, B. Jack (2004a). "Colossus: Its Origins and Originators". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 26 (4): 38–45. doi:10.1109/MAHC.2004.26.
• Copeland, B. Jack (ed.) (2004b). The Essential Turing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-825079-7. OCLC 224173329 48931664 57434580 57530137 59399569 156728127 224173329 48931664 57434580 57530137 59399569. 
• Copeland (ed.), B. Jack (2005). Alan Turing's Automatic Computing Engine. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-856593-3. OCLC 56539230 224640979 56539230. https://archive.org/details/alanturingsautom0000unse_k5v2. 
• Copeland, B. Jack (2006). Colossus: The secrets of Bletchley Park's code-breaking computers. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-284055-4. https://archive.org/details/colossussecretso0000unse. 
  • Hilton, Peter (2006). "Living with Fish: Breaking Tunny in the Newmanry and Testery". Colussus.  in Copeland 2006, pp. 189–203
• Edwards, Paul N (1996). The closed world: computers and the politics of discourse in Cold War America. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-55028-8. https://archive.org/details/closedworldcompu00edwa. 
• Gannon, Paul (2007) [2006]. Colossus: Bletchley Park's Greatest Secret. London: Atlantic Books. ISBN 978-1-84354-331-2. https://archive.org/details/colossusbletchle0000gann. 
• Hodges, Andrew (1983). Alan Turing : the enigma. London: Burnett Books. ISBN 0-04-510060-8. 
• Hochhuth, Rolf (1988). Alan Turing: en berättelse. Symposion. ISBN 978-91-7868-109-9. 
• Leavitt, David (2007). The man who knew too much: Alan Turing and the invention of the computer. Phoenix. ISBN 978-0-7538-2200-5. https://archive.org/details/manwhoknewtoomuc0000leav. 
• Levin, Janna (2006). A Madman Dreams of Turing Machines. New York: Knopf. ISBN 978-1-4000-3240-2. https://archive.org/details/madmandreamsoftu00levi. 
• Lewin, Ronald (1978). Ultra Goes to War: The Secret Story. Classic Military History (Classic Penguin ed.). London, England: Hutchinson & Co (published 2001). ISBN 978-1-56649-231-7. https://archive.org/details/ultragoestowarse0000lewi. 
• Lubar, Steven (1993). Infoculture. Boston, Massachusetts and New York: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-57042-5. https://archive.org/details/infoculturesmith00luba. 
• Mahon, A.P. (1945). "The History of Hut Eight 1939–1945". UK National Archives Reference HW 25/2. Ginkuhà 10 Disyembre 2009.
• Oakley, Brian, ed. (2006). The Bletchley Park War Diaries: July 1939 — August 1945 (2.6 ed.). Wynne Press. 
• O'Connell, H; Fitzgerald, M (2003). "Did Alan Turing have Asperger's syndrome?". Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine. Irish Institute of Psychological Medicine. 20: 28–31. ISSN 0790-9667.
• O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Alan Mathison Turing", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews.
• Petzold, Charles (2008). "The Annotated Turing: A Guided Tour through Alan Turing's Historic Paper on Computability and the Turing Machine". Indianapolis: Wiley Publishing. ISBN 978-0-470-22905-7
• Smith, Roger (1997). Fontana History of the Human Sciences. London: Fontana.
• Sipser, Michael (2006). Introduction to the Theory of Computation. PWS Publishing. ISBN 0-534-95097-3. 
• Weizenbaum, Joseph (1976). Computer Power and Human Reason. London: W.H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-0463-3
• Turing, A. M. (1937) [Delivered to the Society November 1936]. "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem" (PDF). Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society. 2. 42. pp. 230–65. doi:10.1112/plms/s2-42.1.230. and Turing, A.M. (1938). "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem: A correction". Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society. 2. 43 (ginmantala 1937). pp. 544–6. doi:10.1112/plms/s2-43.6.544.
• Turing, Sara Stoney (1959). Alan M Turing. W Heffer.  Turing's mother, who survived him by many years, wrote this 157-page biography of her son, glorifying his life. It was published in 1959, and so could not cover his war work. Scarcely 300 copies were sold (Sara Turing to Lyn Newman, 1967, Library of St John's College, Cambridge). The six-page foreword by Lyn Irvine includes reminiscences and is more frequently quoted. It was re-published by Cambridge University Press in 2012, to honour the centenary of his birth, and included a new foreword by Martin Davis, as well as a never-before-published memoir by Turing's older brother John F. Turing.
• Whitemore, Hugh; Hodges, Andrew (1988). Breaking the code. S. French. https://archive.org/details/breakingcodeplay0000whit.  This 1986 Hugh Whitemore play tells the story of Turing's life and death. In the original West End and Broadway runs, Derek Jacobi played Turing and he recreated the role in a 1997 television film based on the play made jointly by the BBC and WGBH, Boston. The play is published by Amber Lane Press, Oxford, ASIN: B000B7TM0Q
• Williams, Michael R. (1985) A History of Computing Technology, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, ISBN 0-8186-7739-2
• Yates, David M. (1997). Turing's Legacy: A history of computing at the National Physical Laboratory 1945–1995. London: London Science Museum. ISBN 0-901805-94-7. OCLC 40624091 123794619 40624091. 

Padugang nga barasahon

• Agar, Jon, Turing and the Universal Machine, Icon, 2001.
• Cooper, S. Barry; van Leeuwen, Jan (eds), Alan Turing – His Work and Impact, New York: Elsevier, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-386980-7
• Copeland, B. Jack (ed.). "The Mind and the Computing Machine: Alan Turing and others". The Rutherford Journal.
• Copeland, B. Jack (ed.). "Alan Turing: Father of the Modern Computer". The Rutherford Journal.
• Hodges, Andrew (27 Agosto 2007). "Alan Turing". Ha Edward N. Zalta (ed.) (ed.). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2009 ed.). Stanford University. Ginkuhà 10 Enero 2011.CS1 maint: extra text: editors list (link)
• Hodges, Andrew; Sayre, David (1992). "Review: Alan Turing: the enigma". Physics Today. 37 (11): 107. Bibcode:1984PhT....37k.107H. doi:10.1063/1.2915935.
• Gray, Paul (29 Marso 1999). "Computer Scientist: Alan Turing". TIME. Ginhipos tikang han orihinal han 19 Enero 2011. Ginkuhà 31 Hulyo 2012.
• Gleick, James, The Information: A History, a Theory, a Flood, New York: Pantheon, 2011, ISBN 978-0-375-42372-7
• Leavitt, David, The Man Who Knew Too Much: Alan Turing and the Invention of the Computer, W. W. Norton, 2006
• Turing, Sara, Alan M. Turing, Centenary Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2012, ISBN 978-1-107-02058-0

Mga papel

• List of publications from Microsoft Academic Search.
• List of publications from Google Scholar.
• Turing, Alan (Oktubre 1950), "Computing Machinery and Intelligence", Mind, LIX (236): 433–460, doi:10.1093/mind/LIX.236.433, ISSN 0026-4423, ginkuhà 18 Agosto 2008
• Oral history interview with Nicholas C. Metropolis, Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota. Metropolis was the first director of computing services at Los Alamos National Laboratory; topics include the relationship between Alan Turing and John von Neumann

Mga sumpay ha gawas

• Turing family house in Coonoor, India
• A podcast program about Turing made by Radio Lab.
• Alan Turing Ginhipos 28 Agosto 2008 han Wayback Machine RKBExplorer
• Alan Turing Year
• CiE 2012: Turing Centenary Conference
• Alan Turing at Find a Grave
• Alan Turing site maintained by Andrew Hodges including a short biography
• AlanTuring.net – Turing Archive for the History of Computing by Jack Copeland
• The Turing Archive – contains scans of some unpublished documents and material from the King's College, Cambridge archive
• Jones, G. James (11 Disyembre 2001). "Alan Turing – Towards a Digital Mind: Part 1". System Toolbox. The Binary Freedom Project. Ginhipos tikang han orihinal han 3 Agosto 2007. Ginkuhà 31 Hulyo 2012.
• Sherborne School Archives Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2014-12-28 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 28 Disyembre 2014 han Wayback Machine – holds papers relating to Alan Turing's time at Sherborne School
• Alan Turing plaques recorded on openplaques.org
• Turing's treatise on Enigma (The Prof's Book) Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2011-09-10 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 10 Septyembre 2011 han Wayback Machine
• Codebreaker film, official site
• Turing 2012 Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 2013-12-19 han Wayback Machine Ginhipos 19 Disyembre 2013 han Wayback Machine
• Codebreaker choral work ha YouTube