Filioque
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Filioque, (Latin: “and the Son”), phrase added to the text of the Christian creed by the Western church in the Middle Ages and considered one of the major causes of the schism between the Eastern and Western churches. The Filioque clause, inserted after the words “the Holy Spirit,…who proceeds from the Father,” was gradually introduced as part of the creed in the Western church, beginning in the 6th century. It was probably finally accepted by the papacy in the 11th century. It has been retained by the Roman Catholic, Anglican, and most Protestant churches, with certain translation in English sometimes rendering the phrase “and from the Son” and “and through the Son.” The Eastern churches have always rejected it because they consider it a theological error and an unauthorized addition to a venerable document. See Nicene Creed and East-West Schism.