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Perspective as Symbolic Form (1927)

by Erwin Panofsky

Other authors: See the other authors section.

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Art. History. Philosophy. Nonfiction. HTML:

Erwin Panofsky's Perspective as Symbolic Form is one of the great works of modern intellectual history, the legendary text that has dominated all art-historical and philosophical discussions on the topic of perspective in this century. Finally available in English, this unrivaled example of Panofsky's early method places him within broader developments in theories of knowledge and cultural change.
Here, drawing on a massive body of learning that ranges over ancient philosophy, theology, science, and optics as well as the history of art, Panofsky produces a type of "archaeology" of Western representation that far surpasses the usual scope of art historical studies.
Perspective in Panofsky's hands becomes a central component of a Western "will to form," the expression of a schema linking the social, cognitive, psychological, and especially technical practices of a given culture into harmonious and integrated wholes. He demonstrates how the perceptual schema of each historical culture or epoch is unique and how each gives rise to a different but equally full vision of the world.
Panofsky articulates these distinct spatial systems, explicating their particular coherence and compatibility with the modes of knowledge, belief, and exchange that characterized the cultures in which they arose. Our own modernity, Panofsky shows, is inseparable from its peculiarly mathematical expression of the concept of the infinite, within a space that is both continuous and homogenous.

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LA PERSPECTIVA COMO FORMA SIMBÓLICA

"Item perspectiva es una palabra latina; significa
mirar a través." Así es cómo Durero trató de
circunscribir el concepto de perspectiva.
Y aun cuando parece ser que esta "palabra latina", que
halla ya en Boecio,2 no poseía originariamente un
sentido tan gráfico, 3 nosotros adoptaremos
sustancialmente la definición dureriana.
Hablaremos en sentido pleno de una intuición
"perspectiva" del espacio, alli y sólo allí
donde, no sólo diversos objetos como casa
o muebles sean representados "en escorzo", sino
donde todo el cuadro-citando la expresión de otro
teórico del Renacimiento 4 se halle transformado,
en cierto modo, en una "ventana", a través de la cual
nos parezca estar viendo el espacio, esto es donde
la superficie material pictórica o en relieve, sobre la
que aparecen las formas de las diversas figuras o
cosas dibujadas o plásticamente fijadas, es negada como
tal y transformada en un mero "plano figurativo",
sobre el cual y a través del cual se proyecta un es
pacio unitario que comprende todas las diversas
cosas. Sin importar si esta proyección está
determinada por la inmediata impresión sensible o por una
construcción geométrica más o menos "correcta

Esta construcción geométrica "correcta", descubierta
en el Renacimiento y, más tarde, perfeccionada y
simplificada técnicamente, que en cuanto a sus pre
misas y fines permaneció inalterada hasta la época de
Desargues, puede conceptualmente definirse con sen
cillez de la manera siguiente: me represento el cuadro
-conforme a la citada definición del cuadro-ventana
como una intersección plana de la "pirámide
visual" que se forma por el hecho de considerar el
centro visual como un punto, punto que conecto con
los diferentes y característicos puntos de la forma...
  FundacionRosacruz | Dec 10, 2018 |
LA PERSPECTIVA COMO FORMA SIMBÓLICA

La perspectiva para Panofslky no es un simple
elemento «externo» o «técnico» de la obra de
arte, no es un supuesto insignificante del esti-
lo, sino que, por el contrario, expresa, en sus
diversas configuraciones, su propia esencia
Para Panofsky, la Antigüedad clásica realizó
una representación del espacio que puede
llamarse "prospectiva», pero que sigue leyes
estilísticas, y quizá matemáticas, esencialmente
distintas de las del Renacimiento. Esta diferencia
en el concepto «prospéctico» corresponde a la
diferencia del concepto general del espacio,
cuyos fundamentos se expresan en las obras de
los científicos y filósofos antiguos.

Publicado en 1927 en las
  FundacionRosacruz | Dec 3, 2018 |
Showing 2 of 2
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Author nameRoleType of authorWork?Status
Erwin Panofskyprimary authorall editionscalculated
Wood, Christopher S.Translatorsecondary authorsome editionsconfirmed
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Art. History. Philosophy. Nonfiction. HTML:

Erwin Panofsky's Perspective as Symbolic Form is one of the great works of modern intellectual history, the legendary text that has dominated all art-historical and philosophical discussions on the topic of perspective in this century. Finally available in English, this unrivaled example of Panofsky's early method places him within broader developments in theories of knowledge and cultural change.
Here, drawing on a massive body of learning that ranges over ancient philosophy, theology, science, and optics as well as the history of art, Panofsky produces a type of "archaeology" of Western representation that far surpasses the usual scope of art historical studies.
Perspective in Panofsky's hands becomes a central component of a Western "will to form," the expression of a schema linking the social, cognitive, psychological, and especially technical practices of a given culture into harmonious and integrated wholes. He demonstrates how the perceptual schema of each historical culture or epoch is unique and how each gives rise to a different but equally full vision of the world.
Panofsky articulates these distinct spatial systems, explicating their particular coherence and compatibility with the modes of knowledge, belief, and exchange that characterized the cultures in which they arose. Our own modernity, Panofsky shows, is inseparable from its peculiarly mathematical expression of the concept of the infinite, within a space that is both continuous and homogenous.

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