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. 2020 Feb:112:104331.
doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104331. Epub 2019 Nov 6.

Evaluation of cutaneous, oral and intestinal microbiota in patients affected by pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid: A pilot study

Giovanni Luca Scaglione  1 , Luca Fania  2 , Elisa De Paolis  3 , Maria De Bonis  3 , Cinzia Mazzanti  4 , Giovanni Di Zenzo  5 , Stefania Lechiancole  2 , Serena Messinese  2 , Ettore Capoluongo  6
Affiliations

Evaluation of cutaneous, oral and intestinal microbiota in patients affected by pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid: A pilot study

Giovanni Luca Scaglione et al. Exp Mol Pathol. 2020 Feb.

Abstract

Background: Significant alterations of the cutaneous microbiota (CM) have been recently demonstrated in bullous pemphigoid (BP). Microbiome data of both oral cavity (OM) and gut (GM) from patients affected by bullous disease are not available yet and, further consistent studies focused on the role of such microbial populations are still missing.

Objective: Objective: In this pilot study we characterized and compared GM, OM and CM of patients affected by pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and BP to investigate a distinctive microbiome composition in this two rare dermatological disorders.

Methods: High-throughput sequencing of the V1-V3 hyper-variable regions of 16S rRNA was used to compare the bacterial community composition of stool, skin and oral mucosae swabs in a cohort of PV and BP patients. A dedicated bioinformatics software coupled with in-house pipeline was implemented to analyse and compare diseases dataset.

Results: GM samples of both PV and BP patients were principally characterized by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla. Interestingly, the Firmicutes phylum and Staphylococcus genus were mainly represented in cutaneous samples. The diversity of phyla in oral mucosae was higher than those of gut and skin samples and, Bacteroidetes phylum was significantly underrepresented in all PV samples.

Conclusion: Firmicutes phylum and Staphilococcus genus were the most represented in OM and CM swabs of PV and BP microbial populations. Moreover, we argue the quantitative imbalance linked to the decrease of Bacteriodetes in the oral cavity of PV patients might be associated to disease typical fetor. To shed light on this peculiar feature further studies are still required.

Keywords: Autoimmune bullous diseases; In silico analysis; Microbiome; NGS; V1-V3 16S rRNA.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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