Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Promotes Rapid Maturation of NK Cells Expressing Activating Killer Ig–like Receptor in Patients Transplanted with NKG2C−/− Umbilical Cord Blood

@article{DellaChiesa2014HumanCI,
  title={Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Promotes Rapid Maturation of NK Cells Expressing Activating Killer Ig–like Receptor in Patients Transplanted with NKG2C−/− Umbilical Cord Blood},
  author={Mariella Della Chiesa and Michela Falco and Alice Bertaina and Letizia Muccio and Claudia Alicata and Francesco Frassoni and Franco Locatelli and Lorenzo Moretta and Alessandro Moretta},
  journal={The Journal of Immunology},
  year={2014},
  volume={192},
  pages={1471 - 1479},
  url={https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21849188}
}
It is shown that HCMV infection can drive rapid NK maturation, characterized by the expansion of CD56dimNKG2A−KIR+ cells, even in the absence of NKG2C, and this expanded mature NK cell subset expressed surface-activating KIR that could trigger NK cell cytotoxicity, degranulation, and IFN-γ release.
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46 References

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The kinetics of the NK-cell response to CMV reactivation in human recipients after hematopoietic cell transplantation is characterized to support the emerging concept that CMV-induced innate memory-cell populations may contribute to malignant disease relapse protection and infectious disease control long after transplantation.

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Expansion of a unique CD57+NKG2Chi natural killer cell subset during acute human cytomegalovirus infection

The preferential expansion of a unique subset of NK cells coexpressing the activating CD94–NKG2C receptor and CD57 in CMV+ donors is demonstrated and it is proposed that CD57 might provide a marker of “memory” NK cells that have been expanded in response to infection.

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The data support that the interaction of CD94/NKG2C with HCMV-infected fibroblasts, concomitant to the inhibition of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression, promotes an outgrowth of CD 94/NKg2C(+) NK cells.

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Anti-leukemia activity of alloreactive NK cells in KIR ligand-mismatched haploidentical HSCT for pediatric patients: evaluation of the functional role of activating KIR and redefinition of inhibitory KIR specificity.

It is shown that, in most transplantation patients, variable proportions of donor-derived alloreactive natural killer cells displaying anti-leukemia activity were generated and maintained even late after transplantation, and this may have important clinical implications for the selection of optimal donors for haplo-HSCT.

Expression patterns of NKG2A, KIR, and CD57 define a process of CD56dim NK-cell differentiation uncoupled from NK-cell education.

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