Hepatitis A
| Hepatitis A | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Uhlelo nezibonelelo zangaphandle | |
| ICD/CIM-10 | B15 B15 |
| ICD/CIM-9 | 070.0, 070.1 070.0, 070.1 |
| DiseasesDB | 5757 |
| MedlinePlus | 000278 |
IHepatitis A (eyayidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yihepatitis eyosulelayo) emandla isifo esosulelayo sesibindi esibangelwa yintsholongwane yehepatitis A (HAV).[1] Iimeko ezininzi ziba neempawu ezincinci okanye zingabikho kwaphela ingakumbi kwabaselula.[2] Ixesha eliphakathi kokusuleleka neempawu, kwabo bazifumanayo, liphakathi kweeveki ezimbini nezintandathu.[3] Xa kukho iimpawu ngokuqhelekileyo zihlala iiveki ezisibhozo yaye zinokuquka isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, utyatyazo, ulusu olutyheli, ifiva, nesisu esibuhlungu.[2] Abantu abamalunga ne-10–15% bayabuyelwa kwakhona ziimpawu ebudeni beenyanga ezintandathu emva kokusulelwa okokuqala.[2] Ukoyisakala okumandla kwesibindi akunakufane kubekho yaye oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala.[2]
Ngokuqhelekileyo isasazeka ngokutya okanye ukusela ukutya okanye amanzi angcoliswe lilindle elinesi sifo.[2] Oonokrwece abangaphekwanga ngokwaneleyo idla ngokuba ngoyena nobangela.[4] Kanti inokusasazwa ngokusondelelana nomntu onokukosulela.[2] Ngoxa abantwana bengabi nazimpawu xa basulelwa banokubosulela abanye.[2] Emva kokosulelwa kanye, umntu akaphinde asuleleke ubomi bakhe bonke.[5] Ukuze ifunyaniswe kufuneka kuhlolwe igazi njengoko iimpawu zifana nezo zezinye izifo.[2] Yenye yeevayirasi ezintlanu ezaziwayo zehepatitis: A, B, C, D, kunye E.
Ihepatitis A vaccine iyanceda ekukhuseleni.[2][6] Amanye amazwe ayincomela ngokuqhubekayo ebantwaneni nakwabo basengozini enkulu abangazange bagonywe ngaphambili.[2][7] Lubonakal lusebenza.[2] Ezinye iindlela zokuyithintela ziquka ukuhlamba izandla ukukupheka kakuhle ukutya.[2] akukho nyango lukhethekileyo, uphumle yaye amayeza isicaphucaphu okanye utyatyazo akhutshwa njengoko efuneka.[2] Ukosuleleka kudla ngokusuka ngokupheleleyo nangaphandle kwesifo esiqhubekayo sesibindi.[2] Unyango lokoyisakala ngokupheleleyo kwesibindi, ukuba kuyavela, uqhaqho-fakelo lwesibindi.[2]
Ehlabathini lonke malunga neemeko ezineempawu eziyi-1.5 lezigidi zibakho nyaka ngamnye[2] yaye lilonke bamalunga namashumi ezigidi abanokosuleleka.[8] Ixhaphake kakhulu kwimimandla yehlabathi enogutyulo olukumgangatho ophantsi nalapho kungekho manzi akhuselekileyo aneleyo.[7] Kumazwe asakhasayo malunga ne-90% yabantwana baye bosuleleleka beneminyaka eyi-10 ubudala yaye bayakhuseleka xa sele bebadala.[7] Idla ngokuqhambuka kumazwe ahambele phambili noko apho abantwana bengachanabekanga ngoxa beselula yaye bengagonywa kakhulu.[7] Ngo-2010, ihepatitis A emandla yaphumela ekufeni kwabantu abayi-102,000.[9] Usuku Lwehlabathi Lwehepatitis ibakho nyaka ngamnye ngoJulayi 28 ukwazisa ngeviral hepatitis.[7]
Iimbekiselo
tshintsha- ↑ Ryan KJ, Ray CG (abahleli) (2004) Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.) McGraw Hill pp. 541–4 ISBN 0-8385-8529-9
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 Matheny, SC; Kingery, JE (1 Disemba 2012) "Hepatitis A." Am Fam Physician 86 (11) pp. 1027–34; quiz 1010–2 PMID 23198670
- ↑ Connor BA (2005) "Hepatitis A isitofu kumhambi womzuzu wokugqibela" Am. J. Med. 118 (Suppl 10A) pp. 58S–62S PMID 16271543 doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.07.018
- ↑ Bellou, M.; Kokkinos, P.; Vantarakis, A. (Matshi 2013) "Shellfish-borne viral outbreaks: a systematic review." Food Environ Virol 5 (1) pp. 13–23 PMID 23412719 doi:10.1007/s12560-012-9097-6
- ↑ The Encyclopedia of Hepatitis and Other Liver Diseases Infobase 2006 p. 105 ISBN 9780816069903
- ↑ Irving, GJ.; Holden, J.; Yang, R.; Pope, D. (2012) "Ukugonyelwa iHepatitis A kubantu abangazange bafumane ihepatitis A." Cochrane Database Syst Rev 7 pp. CD009051 PMID 22786522 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009051.pub2
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 "Hepatitis A Fact sheet N°328" World Health Organization July 2013 retrieved 20 February 2014
- ↑ Wasley, A; Fiore, A; Bell, BP (2006) "IHepatitis A ngexesha logonyo." Epidemiol Rev 28: 101–11 PMID 16775039 doi:10.1093/epirev/mxj012
- ↑ Lozano, R (Dec 15, 2012) "Umkhamo wokufa wehlabathi nowengingqi ukususela koonobangela bokufa abayi-235 kumaqela obudala ayi-20 ngo-1990 no-2010: uhlolo olulungelelanisiweyo lweGlobal Burden of Disease Study 2010" Lancet 380 (9859): 2095–128 PMID 23245604 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0
