Tiong-kó͘ Ji̍t-pún-gí
Tiong-kó͘ Ji̍t-pún-gí (Ji̍t-pún-gí: 中古日本語; Tyûko Nihongo) sī Ji̍t-pún ê chi̍t-ê kai-tōaⁿ, kè-sêng chū Chhiūⁿ-kó͘ Ji̍t-pún-gí (Zyôdai Nihongo) sú-iōng chiông 794 nî kàu 1185 nî chi-kan ê Pêng-an sî-tāi (Heian-jidai).
Pòe-kéng
siu-káiŪ-kàm-î Tiong-kó· Ji̍t-pún-gí chioh-iōng kah kái-phian Tiong-kok ê bûn-jī lâi su-siá Ji̍t-pún-gí, tī Tiong-kó· sî-kî ū chhut-hiān nn̄g-chióng sin ê jī-bó: pêⁿ-ké-miâ (hiragana) kah phiàn-ké-miâ (katakana). Chit-chióng hoat-tián chin-ū kán-hòa Ji̍t-pún-gí su-siá ê kang-chok, pèng tài-lâi Ji̍t-pún bûn-ha̍k ê sin-sî-tāi, keng-tián chok-phín ū Gôan-sī Bu̍t-gí, Tek-chhú Bu̍t-gí, I-sì Bu̍t-gí téng-téng.
Im-ūi
siu-kái| a | i | u | e | o |
| ka | ki | ku | ke | ko |
| ga | gi | gu | ge | go |
| sa | si | su | se | so |
| za | zi | zu | ze | zo |
| ta | ti | tu | te | to |
| da | di | du | de | do |
| na | ni | nu | ne | no |
| ha | hi | hu | he | ho |
| ba | bi | bu | be | bo |
| ma | mi | mu | me | mo |
| ya | yu | yo | ||
| ra | ri | ru | re | ro |
| wa | wi | we |
Chham-khó bûn-hiàn
siu-kái- Yamaguti, Akiho; Hideo Suzuki, Ryûzô Sakanasi, Masayuki Tukimoto (1997). Nihongo no Rekisi. Tôkyô Daigaku Syuppankai. ISBN 4-13-082004-4.
- Kondô, Yasuhiro; Masayuki Tukimoto, Katumi Sugiura (2005). Nihongo no Rekishi. Hôsô Daigaku Kyôiku Sinkôkai. ISBN 4-595-30547-8.
- Ôno, Susumu (2000). Nihongo no Keisei. Iwanami Syoten. ISBN 4-00-001758-6.
- Martin, Samuel E. (1987). The Japanese Language Through Time. Yale University. ISBN 0-300-03729-5.
- Shibatani, Masayoshi (1990). The Languages of Japan. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-36918-5.
- Frellesvig, Bjarke (1995). A Case Study in Diachronic Phonology: The Japanese Onbin Sound *Changes. Aarhus University Press. ISBN 87-7288-489-4.
Chham-koan
siu-kái
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