Brahui-gú
Brahui-gú[3] (/brəˈhuːi/;[4];[5]; Brahui-gí; ing-gú: Brahui; nastaliq: براہوئی; mā hông kiò-tsò Brahvi-gú hi̍k-tsiá Brohi-gú) sī tsi̍t-kuá ê Brahui jîn sú-iōng ê Dravida gú-hē gú-giân. Brahui-gú tsit-tsióng gú-giân tsú-iàu teh Pakistan Balochistan síng ê tiong-pōo tē-khu sú-iōng, khah-sè ê siā-khu hun-pòo teh Iran, Afghanistan hām Turkmenistan[6] ê pōo-hūn tē-khu, í-kip Iraq, Qatar hām Alapik lên-ha̍p thâu-lâng-kok ê guā-tsik Brahui-jîn siā-khu.[6] Brahui-gú kah Ìn-tō͘ lâm-pō͘ tsuè-kīn kóng Dravidian gú-hē gú-giân ê tshù-pinn jîn-kháu siang-kī tshiau-kuè 1,500 km (930 mi).[7] Teh Balochistan síng ê Kalat kuan, Khuzdar kuan, Mastung koan, Quetta kuan, Kachhi kuan, Nasirabad kuan, Nushki kuan hām Kharan kuan tíng-tíng tē-khu tsú-iàu lóng-sī teh kong Brahui-gú.
| Brahui-gú | |
|---|---|
| براہوئی | |
 Brahui gú-gên iōng Nastaliq bûn-jī su-siá | |
| Hoat-im | [bɾaːhuiː] |
| Goân-chū kok-ka | Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan hām Turkmenistan |
| Sú-iōng tē-khu | Balochistan |
| Bîn-cho̍k | Brahui hām Baloch |
| bú-gí sú-iōng-chiá | 2,640,000 teh Pakistan (Teh sóo-ū ê kok-ka lóng-tsóng sú-iōng-tsiá ū 2,864,400) (2017 Phóo-tsa)[1] |
| Gí-hē | |
| Bûn-jī hē-thóng | Alapik bûn-jī (Nastaʿlīq), Latin bûn-jī |
| Gí-giân tāi-bé | |
| ISO 639-3 |
brh |
| Glottolog |
brah1256 |
 Brahui (far upper left) is geographically isolated from all other Dravidian languages.[2] | |
 Brahui is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger. | |
Tsìng-jī huat
siu-káiPersia-Alapik bûn-jī
siu-kái| Jī-bó | Latin tíng-tī jī-bó | IPA |
|---|---|---|
| ا | á, a, i, u | /aː/, /ə/, /ɪ/, /ʊ/ |
| ب | b | /b/ |
| پ | p | /p/ |
| ت | t | /t/ |
| ٹ | ŧ | /ʈ/ |
| ث | (s) | /s/ |
| ج | j | /d͡ʒ/ |
| چ | c | /t͡ʃ/ |
| ح | (h) | /h/ |
| خ | x | /x/ |
| د | d | /d/ |
| ڈ | đ | /ɖ/ |
| ذ | (z) | /z/ |
| ر | r | /ɾ/ |
| ڑ | ŕ | /ɽ/ |
| ز | z | /z/ |
| ژ | ź | /ʒ/ |
| س | s | /s/ |
| ش | ş | /ʃ/ |
| ص | (s) | /s/ |
| ض | (z) | /z/ |
| ط | (t) | /t/ |
| ظ | (z) | /z/ |
| ع | ', (a), (i), (u) | /ʔ/, /ə/, /ɪ/, /ʊ/ |
| غ | ģ | /ɣ/ |
| ف | f | /f/ |
| ق | (k) | /k/ |
| ک | k | /k/ |
| گ | g | /g/ |
| ل | l | /l/ |
| ڷ | ļ | /ɬ/ |
| م | m | /m/ |
| ن | n | /n/ |
| ں | ń | /ɳ/ |
| و | v | /w/ ~/ʋ/ |
| ہ | h | /h/ |
| ھ | (h) | /h/ |
| ی | y, í | /j/, /iː/ |
| ے | e | /eː/ |
Latin bûn-jī
siu-kái| b | á | p | í | s | y | ş | v | x | e | z | ź | ģ | f | ú | m | n | l | g | c | t | ŧ | r | ŕ | d | o | đ | h | j | k | a | i | u | ń | ļ |
Tsù-kái
siu-kái- ↑ "Brahui".
- ↑ Parkin 1989, p. 37.
- ↑ Bráhuí Báşágal, Quetta: Brahui Language Board, University of Balochistan, April 2009, goân-loē-iông tī 2023-01-03 hőng khó͘-pih, 2010-06-29 khòaⁿ--ê
- ↑ "Brahui". Oxford English Dictionary (Online pán.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
- ↑ "Brahui". Oxford English Dictionary (Online pán.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
- ↑ "A slice of south India in Balochistan". 2017-02-18.
- ↑ "International Journal of Dravidian Linguistics, Volumes 36-37" department of linguistics, University of Kerala[full citation needed]
Tsham-khó bûn-hèn
siu-kái- Bashir, Elena (December 2003), "Brahui - Notes" (PDF), South Asian Language Resource Center Workshop on Languages of Afghanistan and neighboring areas, 2010-06-29 khòaⁿ--ê (Eng-gí)
- Bashir, Elena (2016). "Contact and convergence". Chū Hock, Hans Henrich; Bashir, Elena. The Languages and Linguistics of South Asia. pp. 241–374. doi:10.1515/9783110423303-004. ISBN 978-3-11-042330-3. (Eng-gí)
- Bray, Denys. The Brahui Language, an Old Dravidian Language Spoken in Parts of Baluchistan and Sind: Grammar. Gian Publishing House, 1986. (Eng-gí)
- Elfenbein, J. (1987). "A Periplus of the 'Brahi Problem'". Studia Iranica. 16 (2): 215–233. doi:10.2143/SI.16.2.2014604. (Eng-gí)
- Emeneau, M. B. (1962). "Bilingualism and Structural Borrowing". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 106 (5): 430–442. JSTOR 985488. (Eng-gí)
- Moseley, Christopher, pian. (2009), Interactive Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger, UNESCO, OCLC 435877932 (Eng-gí)
- Parkin, Robert (1989). "Some comments on Brahui kinship terminology". Indo-Iranian Journal. 32 (1): 37–43. doi:10.1163/000000089790082944. JSTOR 24654607. (Eng-gí)
- Sergent, Bernard (1997), Genèse de l'Inde, Bibliothèque scientifique Payot, ISBN 9782228891165, OCLC 38198091 (Eng-gí)
- Witzel, Michael (2008). "The Languages of Harappa: Early Linguistic Data and the Indus civilization". doi:10.11588/xarep.00000120. (Eng-gí)
- Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003). The Dravidian Languages. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-77111-5. (Eng-gí)
Tsham-ua̍t
siu-kái- Kuldja tiâu-iok
- Kok-tsè thé-tshau liân-bîng (International Gymnastics Federation)
- Tē-1 su-thuân (ji̍t-pún lio̍k-kun)
- Tāi Ji̍t-pún tè-kok lio̍k-kun ping-khì tshing-tuañ
- 055-hêng khu-tio̍k-kàm (055-hîng khu-tio̍k-kàm/Type 055 destroyer/055-hîng khu-tio̍k-lām)
Guā-pōo lên-ket
siu-kái| Brahui-gú test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator |
- Online Brahui Dictionary Archived 2012-01-27 at the Wayback Machine. (Eng-gí)
- Handbook of the Birouhi language By Allâh Baksh (1877) (Eng-gí)
- Brahui Language Board Archived 2012-06-07 at the Wayback Machine. (Eng-gí)
- Bráhuí Báşágal (Brahui Alphabet) Archived 2012-11-14 at the Wayback Machine. (Eng-gí)
- Profile of the Brahui language (Eng-gí)
- Partial bibliography of scholarly works on Brahui (Eng-gí)
- Britannica Brahui language (Eng-gí)
- Brahui basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database (Eng-gí)