Rosalind Franklin

Rosalind Elsie Franklin (1920 nî 7 go̍eh 25 ji̍t - 1958 nî 4 go̍eh 16 ji̍t) sī Eng-kok ê seng-bu̍t-bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka kap X kng-sòaⁿ cheng-thé-ha̍k-ka (crystallographer), chú-iàu ê gián-kiù sī DNA, pēⁿ-to̍k, mûi-thoàⁿ (coal) kap chio̍h-ba̍k (graphite) ê kò͘-chō.

Franklin tùi DNA só͘ hip ê X kng-sòaⁿ hôe-chiat (X-ray diffraction) siòng-phìⁿ kap gián-kiù hun-sek, sī Francis Crick kap James D. Watson tī 1953 nî kái chhut DNA kò͘-chō ê koan-kiàn^[1] kap chèng-kù^[2]. Franklin mā-sī tobacco mosaic virus kap polio virus ê chá-kî gián-kiù-chiá.

Franklin chhut-sì kap kòe-sin tī Eng-kok London.

Chhut-sin

Franklin sī 1920 nî 7 goe̍h 25 ùi Lûn-tun ê Notting Hill chhut-sì--ê; sī Iû-thài ka-têng chhut-sin. I-ê lāu-pē Ellis Arthur Franklin sī gîn-hâng-ka; lāu-bú hō chò Muriel Frances Waley. Franklin só͘-sio̍k ê ka-hē sī 1763 nî tùi Silesia ê Breslau kòe Eng-lân--ê, in goân sèⁿ Fraenkel, āu-bé chiah kái chò Eng-gí-hòa ê Franklin.^[3]

1932 nî 1 goe̍h, Franklind ji̍p Lûn-tun ê Sèng Pó-lô Lú-ha̍k-hāu (St Paul’s Girls’ School) tha̍k tiong-o̍h.^[4]

Tā-ha̍k-seng sî-kî

1938 nî, Franklin ji̍p Cambridge Tāi-ha̍k ê Newnham Ha̍k-īⁿ, chi̍t keng cha-bó͘ ha̍k-hāu.^[4] Hit-tang-chūn Cambridge í-keng siu cha-bó͘ ha̍k-seng, m̄-koh iáu-bōe chiàⁿ-káng chiong in tòng chò phó͘-thong ê tāi-ha̍k-seng. Newnham kap Girton ha̍k-īⁿ ê lú-ha̍k-seng sī hān-chè tī cha-po͘ ê 10 phah-sén í-hā ê pí-le. Tī ha̍k-īⁿ ê sî, Rosalind o̍h liáu pau-koat hòa-ha̍k, bu̍t-lí-ha̍k, sò͘-ha̍k kap khòng-bu̍t-ha̍k téng kho-bo̍k; i lēng-gōa ia̍h siōng chi̍t khoán kà kho-ha̍k Tek-gí ê hòa-ha̍k-khò.^[5]

Tī Newnham ê tē-jī tang, Franklin o̍h liáu tàn-pe̍h-chit ê chih-áu, hu̍t-sng ê sêng-hun kap sèng-chit téng tì-sek, kiam ha̍p-si̍p lī-ēng X siā-sòaⁿ sàn-loān (scattering) ê gián-kiù hong-hoat, chìn-chi̍t-pō͘ hiòng kiat-chiⁿ-ha̍k (i āu--lâi ê choan-gia̍p) hoat-tián. 1940 nî 10 goe̍h, Franklin khai-sí i tī Cambridge ê tē 3 tang kiam siāng bóe tang, tong-sî Tek-kok tng teh hiòng Eng-kok hoat-tōng khong-si̍p.^[5]

Pa-lí sî-kî

1947 nî 2 goe̍h, Franklin khì kàu Pa-lí, tī hia ê Kok-ka Hòa-ha̍k Ho̍k-bū Tiong-iong Si̍t-giām-sek (Laboratoire central des services chimiques de l'État) chò gián-kiù.^[6]

Koan-liân bûn-chiuⁿ

Photo 51

Chham-chiàu

Su-chì

Maddox, Brenda (2002). Rosalind Franklin. HarperCollins Publisher. ISBN 9780062283504.

Chù-kha

↑ Watson JD, Crick FHC (1953). "A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid". Nature 171: 737–738. Full text PDF
↑ Double Helix: 50 Years of DNA. Nature archives. Nature Publishing Group
↑ Maddox 2002, 1 — Once in Royal David’s City
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Maddox 2002, 2 — Once a Paulina
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Maddox 2002, 4 — Never Surrender
↑ Maddox 2002, 6 — Woman of the Left Bank

[Nature-1] Watson JD, Crick FHC (1953). "A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid". Nature 171: 737–738. Full text PDF

[NS-2] Double Helix: 50 Years of DNA. Nature archives. Nature Publishing Group

[3] Maddox 2002, 1 — Once in Royal David’s City

[Maddox2002c2-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Maddox 2002, 2 — Once a Paulina

[Maddox2002c4-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Maddox 2002, 4 — Never Surrender

[Maddox2002c6-6] Maddox 2002, 6 — Woman of the Left Bank

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]