荡妇羞辱

荡妇羞耻（英語：slut shaming）是用来描述导致一个人（尤其是女性）因自己的某种性行为或性欲背离了传统的性别期望或外观期望而感到羞耻或低人一等的行为^[1]^[2]^[3]。这个词常指他人使用荡妇（英语：Slut）或其他类似羞辱性词汇，妨碍女性对自身性别形成自主看法的行为^[3]。

女性遭到“荡妇羞耻”的情形的例子有：衣着性感从而违反了公认的着装守则、要求避孕^[4]^[5]^[6]、婚前性行為、休闲性行为、從事性工作、被强奸或性骚扰。

参考文献

^ Brian N. Sweeney. Slut Shaming. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender. Sage Publications. 2017 [2018-04-22]. ISBN 978-1-4833-8426-9. doi:10.4135/9781483384269. （原始内容存档于2022-07-12）.
^ Jaclyn Friedman. What You Really Really Want: The Smart Girl's Shame-Free Guide to Sex and Safety. Da Capo Press. 2011: 200 [2018-04-22]. ISBN 978-1-58005-430-0. （原始内容存档于2021-11-22）. As we explored in chapter 2, 'slut-shaming' is an umbrella term for all kinds of language and behaviors that are intended to make women and girls feel bad about being sexual.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Jessalynn Keller. Girls' Feminist Blogging in a Postfeminist Age. Routledge. 2015: 93 [2018-04-22]. ISBN 978-1-317-62776-0. （原始内容存档于2021-05-22）. The phrase [slut-shaming] became popularized alongside the SlutWalk marches and functions similarly to the 'War on Women,' producing affective connections while additionally working to reclaim the word 'slut' as a source of power and agency for girls and women.
^ Lamb, Sharon. The 'Right' Sexuality for Girls . Chronicle of Higher Education. 27 June 2008, 54 (42): B14–B15 [2014-08-04]. ISSN 0009-5982. （原始内容存档于2013-10-22）. In Dilemmas of Desire: Teenage Girls Talk About Sexuality (Harvard University Press, 2002), Deborah L. Tolman complained that we've "desexualized girls' sexuality, substituting the desire for relationship and emotional connection for sexual feelings in their bodies." Recognizing that fact, theorists have used the concept of desire as a way to undo the double standard that applauds a guy for his lust, calling him a player, and shames a girl for hers, calling her a slut.
^ Albury, Kath; Crawford, Kate. Sexting, consent and young people's ethics: Beyond Megan's Story. Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies. 18 May 2012, 26 (3): 463–473. doi:10.1080/10304312.2012.665840. Certainly the individualizing admonishment to 'think again' offers no sense of the broader legal and political environment in which sexting might occur, or any critique of a culture that requires young women to preserve their 'reputations' by avoiding overt demonstrations of sexual knowingness and desire. Further, by trading on the propensity of teenagers to feel embarrassment about their bodies and commingling it with the anxiety of mobiles being ever present, the ad becomes a potent mix of technology fear and body shame.
^ Legge, Nancy J.; DiSanza, James R.; Gribas, John; Shiffler, Aubrey. "He sounded like a vile, disgusting pervert..." An Analysis of Persuasive Attacks on Rush Limbaugh During the Sandra Fluke Controversy. Journal of Radio & Audio Media. 2012, 19 (2): 173–205. doi:10.1080/19376529.2012.722468. It is also possible that the Limbaugh incident has turned "slut-shaming," or other similar attacks on women, into a "Devil-term." It may be possible that Limbaugh's insults were so thoroughly condemned that he and others (such as Bill Maher) will have a more difficult time insulting women who are not virgins, or attacking them in other sexist ways.

参见

[Sweeney-1] Brian N. Sweeney. Slut Shaming. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender. Sage Publications. 2017 [2018-04-22]. ISBN 978-1-4833-8426-9. doi:10.4135/9781483384269. （原始内容存档于2022-07-12）.

[Friedman-2] Jaclyn Friedman. What You Really Really Want: The Smart Girl's Shame-Free Guide to Sex and Safety. Da Capo Press. 2011: 200 [2018-04-22]. ISBN 978-1-58005-430-0. （原始内容存档于2021-11-22）. As we explored in chapter 2, 'slut-shaming' is an umbrella term for all kinds of language and behaviors that are intended to make women and girls feel bad about being sexual.

[Keller-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Jessalynn Keller. Girls' Feminist Blogging in a Postfeminist Age. Routledge. 2015: 93 [2018-04-22]. ISBN 978-1-317-62776-0. （原始内容存档于2021-05-22）. The phrase [slut-shaming] became popularized alongside the SlutWalk marches and functions similarly to the 'War on Women,' producing affective connections while additionally working to reclaim the word 'slut' as a source of power and agency for girls and women.

[Lamb_B14–B15-4] Lamb, Sharon. The 'Right' Sexuality for Girls . Chronicle of Higher Education. 27 June 2008, 54 (42): B14–B15 [2014-08-04]. ISSN 0009-5982. （原始内容存档于2013-10-22）. In Dilemmas of Desire: Teenage Girls Talk About Sexuality (Harvard University Press, 2002), Deborah L. Tolman complained that we've "desexualized girls' sexuality, substituting the desire for relationship and emotional connection for sexual feelings in their bodies." Recognizing that fact, theorists have used the concept of desire as a way to undo the double standard that applauds a guy for his lust, calling him a player, and shames a girl for hers, calling her a slut.

[5] Albury, Kath; Crawford, Kate. Sexting, consent and young people's ethics: Beyond Megan's Story. Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies. 18 May 2012, 26 (3): 463–473. doi:10.1080/10304312.2012.665840. Certainly the individualizing admonishment to 'think again' offers no sense of the broader legal and political environment in which sexting might occur, or any critique of a culture that requires young women to preserve their 'reputations' by avoiding overt demonstrations of sexual knowingness and desire. Further, by trading on the propensity of teenagers to feel embarrassment about their bodies and commingling it with the anxiety of mobiles being ever present, the ad becomes a potent mix of technology fear and body shame.

[limbaugh-6] Legge, Nancy J.; DiSanza, James R.; Gribas, John; Shiffler, Aubrey. "He sounded like a vile, disgusting pervert..." An Analysis of Persuasive Attacks on Rush Limbaugh During the Sandra Fluke Controversy. Journal of Radio & Audio Media. 2012, 19 (2): 173–205. doi:10.1080/19376529.2012.722468. It is also possible that the Limbaugh incident has turned "slut-shaming," or other similar attacks on women, into a "Devil-term." It may be possible that Limbaugh's insults were so thoroughly condemned that he and others (such as Bill Maher) will have a more difficult time insulting women who are not virgins, or attacking them in other sexist ways.

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