Indoda

Umuntu omdala wesilisa womuntu . Ngaphambi kokuba mdala, umuntu wesilisa ubizwa ngomfana ( ingane yesilisa noma eyeve eshumini nambili ).

Njengazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo zesilisa, ufuzo lomuntu ngokuvamile luthola i- X<span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwIw"> </span>i-chromosome evela kumama kanye no- Y<span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwJQ"> </span>i-chromosome evela kubaba. Umbungu wesilisa ukhiqiza amanani amakhulu ama- androgens namanani amancane ama- estrogens kunombungu wesifazane.Lo mehluko kumanani ahlobene nalawa ma- steroids ezocansi ubhekene nomehluko womzimba ohlukanisa amadoda kwabesifazane .Ngesikhathi sokuthomba, ama-hormone akhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-androgen aholela ekukhuleni kwezici zesibili zobulili, ngaleyo ndlela kukhombisa umehluko omkhulu phakathi kobulili.Lokhu kufaka phakathi ubukhulu bemisipha, ukukhula kwezinwele zobuso nokwakheka kwamafutha omzimba aphansi.

Anatomy Male is zihlukaniswa kusukela anatomy zesifazane yi uhlelo besilisa zokuzala, ehlanganisa umthondo, amasende, isidoda imbobo, wendlala indlala kanye epididymis, kanye seconday ubulili izici.

Kukhona okuhlukile okungenhla ngokuphathelene kobakhe futhi bulilimbili amadoda.

Ibhayoloji

Isithombe somuntu wesilisa omdala, nowesifazane omdala ukuqhathanisa. Qaphela ukuthi izinwele zasesidlangalaleni zamamodeli womabili ziyasuswa.

Kubantu, ubulili bomuntu bunqunywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngezinto zofuzo ezithwelwe esitokisini sesidoda. Uma ingqamuzana lesidoda eliphethe i- X chromosome livundisa iqanda, inzalo ngokujwayelekile iyoba ngowesifazane (XX).Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma isidoda sesidoda esithwele i- Y chromosome sifaka iqanda, inzalo iyoba ngowesilisa (XY).Isici sangempela sokunquma yisakhi sofuzo se-SRY, esivame ukutholakala ku-Y chromosome.Abantu abanesakhiwo esididayo sezakhi zofuzo noma somzimba kubhekiswa kubo njenge- intersex .Ama- aneuploidies ocansi e- chromosome, njenge- XYY syndrome, nawo angavela.

Uhlelo lokuzala lomuntu wesilisa

Izinwele zobuso ;
Izinwele zesifuba;
Amahlombe avulekile;
I-larynx ekhulisiwe (eyaziwa nangokuthi i -apula lika-Adam ); ^[1] futhi
Izwi elijule kakhulu kunezwi lengane noma lowesifazane. ^[2]

Uhlelo lokuzala

Uhlelo lokuzala lwabesilisa lubandakanya izitho zangasese zangaphandle nangaphakathi.Izitho zobulili zangaphandle zesilisa ziqukethe ipipi, i-urethra yesilisa, ne-scrotum, kuyilapho izitho zangasese zesilisa zangaphakathi zinama-testes, i-prostate, i-epididymis, i-vesicle yesidoda, i-vas deferens, i-ejaculatory duct, ne-bulbourethral gland.

Umsebenzi wesistimu yokuzala yowesilisa ukukhiqiza isidoda, esithwala isidoda futhi ngaleyo ndlela imininingwane yezofuzo engahlangana neqanda ngaphakathi kowesifazane.Njengoba isidoda okungaphandle okungena sowesifazane kwesibeletho bese amashubhu fallopian kuqhubeka zalisa iqanda okwenzeka ibe umbungu noma ingane, iduna uhlelo zokuzala udlala kungekho eyayidingeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.Ukutadisha ukukhiqizwa kwamadoda nezitho ezihambisanayo kubizwa nge- andrology.

Karyogram besilisa abantu usebenzisa Giemsa staining. Abesilisa abangabantu ngokuvamile banenhlanganisela ye- XY .

Ezempilo

Yize ngokujwayelekile abesilisa behlushwa izifo eziningi ezifana nezabesifazane, banezifo ezithe ukuqhela uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane. Abesilisa banesikhathi esiphansi sokuphila namazinga aphezulu okuzibulala uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane.

Ubulili nokungena ocansini

Ubulili besilisa nokuheha kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu, futhi indlela umuntu aziphatha ngayo kwezocansi ingathinteka ezintweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukucabanga okuguqukayo, ubuntu, ukukhuliswa namasiko.Ngenkathi iningi lamadoda lingabobulili obuhlukile, abambalwa abalulekile bangongqingili noma abesilisa nabesifazane .Amanye amadoda akhomba njengokuqonde kakhulu .

Amaphesenti amancane abantu ababelwe abesifazane ngesikhathi sokuzalwa angakhomba njengabesilisa (ngokuvamile ababizwa ngokuthi amadoda angama-transgender ).Ngokuphambene nalokho, abanye abantu ababelwe owesilisa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa bangakhomba njengowesifazane (ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi ungowesifazane we-transgender ).Abanye abantu ababelwe owesilisa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa bangakhomba futhi njengokungeyona kanambambili.Kukhona nabantu be-intersex abangakhomba njengabesifazane noma abesilisa.

Ubudoda

Michelangelo ka- uDavide iyona classical isithombe bobusha ubuhle leduna art Western .

Ngobudoda (futhi ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi ngobudoda noma manliness) kuyinto iqoqo izimfanelo, ukuziphatha, nemisebenzi ehambisana ne-abafana.Yize ubudoda bakhiwe ngokwenhlalo, olunye ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha ezibhekwa njengabesilisa zithonywe yizinto eziphilayo. ^[3]Ubudoda bunethonya elingakanani kubhayoloji noma kwezenhlalo kungaphansi kwempikiswano. ^[3]Kwehlukile encazelweni yobulili besilisa begazi, njengoba abesilisa nabesifazane bengabonisa izici zobudoda. ^[4]

Amazinga wobudoda noma ubudoda ayahlukahluka kumasiko ahlukene nezikhathi zomlando.Ngenkathi izimpawu zangaphandle zobudoda zibukeka zehlukile kumasiko ehlukene, kunezici ezithile ezijwayelekile encazelweni yayo kuwo wonke amasiko.Kuwo wonke amasiko esikhathi esedlule, futhi namanje phakathi kwamasiko endabuko nawona angewona aseNtshonalanga, ukushada ngumehluko ovame kakhulu futhi ocacile phakathi kobufana nobudoda. ^[5]Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, ezinye izimfanelo ngokwesiko ezihlotshaniswa nomshado (njenge "Ps ezintathu" zokuvikela, ukuhlinzekela, nokuzala kabusha ) zazisathathwa njengezimpawu zokutholakala kobudoda. ^[5]

I-Anthropology ikhombisile ukuthi ubudoda uqobo bunezikhundla zenhlalo, njengobutyebi, ubuhlanga kanye nesigaba senhlalo.Ngokwesiko laseNtshonalanga, isibonelo, ubudoda obukhulu kuvame ukuletha isimo esikhulu senhlalo.Amagama amaningi esiNgisi afana nobuhle kanye ne- virile (avela e- Indo-European root vir okusho indoda ) ayakubonisa lokhu.

Imodeli yeParsons isetshenziselwe ukuqhathanisa nokukhombisa izikhundla ezeqisayo endimeni yezobulili.Imodeli A ichaza ukwahlukaniswa okuphelele kwendima yabesilisa nabesifazane, kuyilapho iModeli B ichaza ukuchithwa okuphelele kwemingcele phakathi kwezindima zobulili. ^[6]

Uphawu lobulili

I- Mars Symbol (♂) uphawu olujwayelekile olumele ubulili besilisa. ^[7]Uphawu lufana nophawu lweplanethi lweMars .Yaqala ukusetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ucansi nguCarl Linnaeus ngo-1751.Uphawu kwesinye isikhathi lubonakala njengokumelela okwenziwe isitayela kwesihlangu nomkhonto kankulunkulu wamaRoma .IMars .Ngokusho kukaStearn, nokho, lokhu kutholakala "kuyinganekwane" futhi bonke ubufakazi obungokomlando buvumela "isiphetho sesazi saseFrance uClaude de Saumaise (Salmasius, 1588-1683)" ukuthi sisuselwe ku-θρ, ukusikwa kwegama lesiGreki ngeplanethi iMars, eyiThouros . ^[8]

↑ Empty citation (help)
↑ Empty citation (help)
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Social vs biological citations:
↑ Male vs Masculine/Feminine:
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Learning to Stand Alone: The Contemporary American Transition to Adulthood in Cultural and Historical Context. 1998. https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/22591.
↑ Brockhaus: Enzyklopädie der Psychologie, 2001.
↑ Sex symbols ancient and modern: their origins and iconography on the pedigree. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1322246/.
↑ The Origin of the Male and Female Symbols of Biology. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1217734.

[auto2-1] Empty citation (help)

[auto-2] Empty citation (help)

[books.google.com-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Social vs biological citations:

[4] Male vs Masculine/Feminine:

[:0-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Learning to Stand Alone: The Contemporary American Transition to Adulthood in Cultural and Historical Context. 1998. https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/22591.

[6] Brockhaus: Enzyklopädie der Psychologie, 2001.

[7] Sex symbols ancient and modern: their origins and iconography on the pedigree. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1322246/.

[8] The Origin of the Male and Female Symbols of Biology. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1217734.

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